ArticleCancers2019
PD-L1 Blockade by Atezolizumab Downregulates Signaling Pathways Associated with Tumor Growth, Metastasis, and Hypoxia in Human Triple Negative Breast Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the complex microenvironment of breast cancer and prospects for therapeutic potential (Review).International journal of oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- The Tumor Immune Environment: Advances in the Cancer Immunotherapy Era.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Despicable role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer metastasis: ExhibitingCancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2025Review
- PD-L1 promotes oncolytic virus infection via a metabolic shift that inhibits the type I IFN pathway.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Atezolizumab Induces Necroptosis and Contributes to Hepatotoxicity of Human Hepatocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy: An effective strategy for treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- Bioinformatics driven discovery of small molecule compounds that modulate the FOXM1 and PPARA pathway activities in breast cancer.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2023Article
- PD-1 Independent Role of PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Comparative Characterization of Different Molecular Formats of Bispecific Antibodies Targeting EGFR and PD-L1.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Stimuli-responsive nano vehicle enhances cancer immunotherapy by coordinating mitochondria-targeted immunogenic cell death and PD-L1 blockade.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Article
- Programmed death ligand 1 signals in cancer cells.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2022Review
- Engineered extracellular vesicles for concurrent Anti-PDL1 immunotherapy and chemotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2022Article
- Tumor Cell-Autonomous Pro-Metastatic Activities of PD-L1 in Human Breast Cancer Are Mediated by PD-L1-S283 and Chemokine Axes.Cancers · 2022Article
- Clinical implications of the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in progression and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2022Review
- Expression and Clinical Significance ofBioMed research international · 2022Article
- Current State of Knowledge on the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Approaches, Efficacy, and Challenges.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2022Review
- Combined vaccine-immune-checkpoint inhibition constitutes a promising strategy for treatment of dMMR tumors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Selective inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX and XII by coumarin and psoralen derivatives.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer, which shows resistance to common breast cancer therapies, as it lacks the expression of the most common breast cancer targets. Therefore, TNBC treatment remains a challenge. Targeting programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), for example, atezolizumab, has revolutionized the treatment for various cancer types. However, the therapeutic efficacy of targeting PD-L1 in TNBC is currently under investigation. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231, expressing PD-L1, responds to atezolizumab, using RNA-Seq. Transcriptome analysis revealed 388 upregulated and 362 downregulated genes in response to atezolizumab treatment. The expression of selected genes, from RNA-Seq data, was subsequently validated using RT-qPCR in the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells following atezolizumab treatment. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that atezolizumab downregulates genes promoting cell migration/invasion and metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell growth/proliferation/survival, and hypoxia. On the contrary, genes associated with apoptosis and DNA repair were upregulated in response to atezolizumab treatment. Gene set enrichment analyses revealed that a significant number of these genes are related to the NF-kB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and CD40 signaling pathways. Using functional assays, we confirmed that atezolizumab increases MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis/necrosis, and reduces their proliferation and viability. Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms/signaling pathways by which atezolizumab exerts inhibitory effects on TNBC, thereby inhibiting EMT/metastasis, tumor growth/survival, and the induction of hypoxia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.