ReviewAnti-cancer drugs2019
Tumour flare reaction in cancer treatments: a comprehensive literature review.
Review in Anti-cancer drugs, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor flare-like response: A novel imaging phenomenon with predictive significance in triple negative breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant immuno-chemotherapy.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Trial
- Tumor flare pain reaction following bispecific T-cell engagers in multiple myeloma: a unique and underrecognized toxicity.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Challenges of the Oxycodone Hydrochloride Shortage.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Pseudoprogression of bladder extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma following the treatment with elranatamab, an anti-BCMA/CD3 bispecific antibody.Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Anticancer Therapy-Related Tumor Flare Reaction: Insights From Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System Dataset.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- CAR T-cell therapy induced pseudoprogression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Case Report: Fibrosis appearing as disease progression on PET/CT following R-CHOP in newly diagnosed DLBCL.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Multiparametric MRI for characterization of the tumour microenvironment.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Tumor flare reaction in a patient with mycosis fungoides treated with a novel immune-epigenetic doublet.JAAD case reports · 2024Article
- Recommendations for the effective use of T-cell-redirecting therapies: a Canadian consensus statement.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Primary resistance to nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Modern Malignant Mesothelioma Manifestation.Cureus · 2023Article
- The prognostic potential of alkaline phosphatase and lactic acid dehydrogenase in bmCRPC patients without significant PSA response under enzalutamide.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Successful Targeting of CTLA-4 in a Melanoma Clinical Case: A Long-Term "One Stop Therapeutic Shop".OncoTargets and therapy · 2022Article
- Fabrication and Characterization of Taurine Functionalized Graphene Oxide with 5-Fluorouracil as Anticancer Drug Delivery Systems.Nanoscale research letters · 2021Article
- Bispecific Antibodies: A Review of Development, Clinical Efficacy and Toxicity in B-Cell Lymphomas.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Transient atelectasis due to hilar lymph node swelling affected by lenalidomide-induced tumor flare reaction.Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH · 2021Article
- Effects of Histotripsy on Local Tumor Progression in anBME frontiers · 2020Article
- Lutetium Lu-177 Dotatate Flare Reaction.Advances in radiation oncologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the past decade, tumour flare reaction (TFR) was considered as a new side effect associated with immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) and as a condition of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). However, this phenomenon is also observed with immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumours. It is still poorly understood and its incidence is underestimated. TFR has been associated with morbidity, therefore, early recognition and management of patients with TFR is critical. An exhaustive literature research between 1985 and 2016 was performed using PubMed; American Society of Clinical Oncology and American Society of Hematology abstracts reporting TFR or pseudoprogression were identified. The incidence of TFR in CLL ranged from 28 to 58%. Tumour response in patients treated beyond progression was reported in 9.7% with ipilimumab, 10% with nivolumab, 6.7 and 12% with pembrolizumab, and in renal cell carcinoma 69% with nivolumab. Rare life-threatening or fatal cases were reported; symptoms were usually mild. Studies showed that treating patients beyond progression yielded tumour responses, considering TFR as predictive of response. Treatment with immunomodulatory agents is associated with TFR, often misinterpreted as progression. Therefore, the identification of appropriate clinical benefit criteria and the use of immune-related response criteria in prospective trials for a better understanding are compulsory.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.