Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31347651›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2020

The role of cardiovascular disease in the relationship between air pollution and incident dementia: a population-based cohort study.

Sindana D Ilango, Hong Chen, Perry Hystad, Aaron van Donkelaar, Jeffrey C Kwong, Karen Tu, Randall V Martin, Tarik Benmarhnia

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Sindana D IlangoGraduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
Hong ChenPopulation Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Perry HystadCollege of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Aaron van DonkelaarDepartment of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Jeffrey C KwongPublic Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Karen TuDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Randall V MartinDepartment of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Tarik BenmarhniaDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Dalhousie University · CAUniversity Health Network · CAHealth Canada · CAOregon State University · USSan Diego State University · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US

Funding

San Diego Resource Center for advancing Alzheimer's Research in Minority Seniors (ARMS)P30AG059299 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Humberto Parada · 2018 to 2026
$7.4M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG059299
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvidence suggests a link between air pollution and dementia. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be a potential determinant of dementia. This motivated us to quantify the contribution of CVD to the association between air pollution and dementia.

methodsA cohort of Canadian-born residents of Ontario, who participated in the 1996-2003 Canadian Community Health Surveys, was followed through 2013 or until dementia diagnosis. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was estimated with a 3-year average and 5-year lag before dementia diagnosis. Incident CVD was evaluated as a mediator. We used multi-level Cox proportional and Aalen additive hazard regression models, adjusting for individual- and neighbourhood-level risk factors to estimate associations with NO2 and PM2.5. We estimated the total, direct and indirect effects of air pollution on dementia through cardiovascular disease.

resultsThis study included 34 391 older adults. At baseline, the mean age of this cohort was 59 years. The risk of dementia was moderately higher among those more exposed to NO2 (hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99-1.19; and 100 additional cases per 100 000 [standard error (SE) <100x10-5]) and PM2.5 [(HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.99-1.64; 200 additional cases per 100 000] [SE 100x10-5]) after adjusting for covariates; however, these estimates are imprecise. A greater proportion of the relationship between PM2.5 and dementia was mediated through CVD than NO2 for both scales.

conclusionsThese results suggest some of the association between air pollution and dementia is mediated through CVD, indicating that improving cardiovascular health may prevent dementia in areas with higher exposure to air pollution.

Indexed as

AgedAir PollutantsAir PollutionCardiovascular DiseasesCohort StudiesDementiaEnvironmental ExposureFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedOntarioOutcome Assessment, Health CareOzoneParticulate MatterAir PollutantsOzoneParticulate MatterAir pollutioncardiovascular diseasedementiamediation analysis

Identifiers

PMID31347651
PMCPMC7124495
OpenAlexW2966242259

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.