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ArticleCurrent medical science2019

A Diagnostic Tool for Identification of Etiologies of Fever of Unknown Origin in Adult Patients.

Man-Zhi Zhao, Qiu-Rong Ruan, Ming-You Xing, Sheng Wei, Dong Xu, Zhu-Hua Wu, Lin Zhu, Ji-Ling Zhu, Cai-Feng Zheng, Shi Liu and 3 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Current medical science, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04661085 (A Descriptive Study of Patients Suspected With Infection in the Emergency Department, With a Special Focus on Infection With Unknown Origin.), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04661085 completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

A Descriptive Study of Patients Suspected With Infection in the Emergency Department, With a Special Focus on Infection With Unknown Origin.

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of Southern DenmarkRan2021 to 2022Enrolled966ConditionsInfectionArmsBroader Medical history and clinical tests
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Interest ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Differential diagnosis of lymphoma withJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023
    Observational
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Man-Zhi ZhaoDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Qiu-Rong RuanInstitute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Ming-You XingDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Sheng WeiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Dong XuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Zhu-Hua WuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Lin ZhuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Ji-Ling ZhuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Cai-Feng ZhengDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Shi LiuDepartment of Internal Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
Zu-Jiang YuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
Jun-Ying QiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Jian-Xin SongDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. songsingsjx@sina.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The diagnosis and treatment of fever of unknown origin (FUO) are huge challenges to clinicians. Separating the etiologies of FUO into infectious and non-infectious disease is conducive to clinical physicians not only on making decisions rapidly concerning the prescription of suitable antibiotics but also on further analysis of the final diagnosis. In order to develop and validate a diagnostic tool to efficiently distinguish the etiologies of adult FUO patients as infectious or non-infectious disease, FUO patients from the departments of infectious disease and internal medicine in three Chinese tertiary hospitals were enrolled retrospectively and prospectively. By using polynomial logistic regression analysis, the diagnostic formula and the associated scoring system were developed. The variables included in this diagnostic formula were from clinical evaluations and common laboratory examinations. The proposed tool could discriminate infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.83, sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 0.75. This diagnosis tool could predict the infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO in the validation cohort with an AUC of 0.79, sensitivity of 0.79 and specificity of 0.70. The results suggested that this diagnostic tool could be a reliable tool to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO.

Indexed as

AdultChinaCommunicable DiseasesDiagnosis, DifferentialFever of Unknown OriginHumansLogistic ModelsNoncommunicable Diseasesdiagnostic toolempiric therapyetiologyfever of unknown originprediction model

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.