ArticleHuman immunology2019
Next-generation sequencing reveals new information about HLA allele and haplotype diversity in a large European American population.
Article in Human immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Resolution Haplotype Analyses of Classical HLA Genes in Families With Multiple Sclerosis Highlights the Role of HLA-DP Alleles in Disease Susceptibility.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Classical HLA allele and haplotype frequency estimates in US populations.Human immunology · 2026Article
- HLA Associations Differ by Ethnicity and Aquaporin-4 Antibody Status in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- HLA-DQB1*03:01 and HLA-DQA1*05:05 as key genetic determinants of infliximab response and immunogenicity in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Classical HLA Allele and Haplotype Frequency Estimates in US Populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A phase 1 trial of HPV16 E7 T-cell receptor-engineered T cells in patients with relapsed/refractory HPV16-positive cancers (KITE-439 trial).Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- consHLA: a next generation sequencing consensus-based HLA typing workflow.BMC bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Immuno-epidemiologic mapping of human leukocyte antigen diversity across glioma patient cohorts.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- High resolution class I HLA-A, -B, and -C diversity in Eastern and Southern African populations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Characterization of HLA-A/HLA-B/HLA-C/HLA-DRB1 Haplotypes in Romanian Stem Cell Donors Through High-Resolution Next-Generation Sequencing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Computational and Population-Based HLA Permissiveness to HIV Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Identification ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Early Donor-Specific HLA Antibodies Detected by Screening in the First Month Posttransplant and Kidney Graft Outcomes.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Article
- Article
- Positive Long-Term Outcome of Kidney Allocation via Acceptable Mismatch Program in Highly Sensitized Patients.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2024Article
- Divergent HLA variations and heterogeneous expression but recurrent HLA loss-of- heterozygosity and commonFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Impact of Preformed Donor-Specific Anti-HLA-Cw and Anti-HLA-DP Antibodies on Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2023Observational
- HLA-A*03, the hemochromatosis ancestral haplotype, and phenotypes of referred hemochromatosis probands with HFE p.C282Y homozygosity.Hereditas · 2022Article
- Allele and Haplotype Frequencies of HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 Genes in 3,750 Cord Blood Units From a Kinh Vietnamese Population.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Distribution ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are extremely polymorphic and are useful molecular markers to make inferences about human population history. However, the accuracy of the estimation of genetic diversity at HLA loci very much depends on the technology used to characterize HLA alleles; high-resolution genotyping of long-range HLA gene products improves the assessment of HLA population diversity as well as other population parameters compared to lower resolution typing methods. In this study we examined allelic and haplotype HLA diversity in a large healthy European American population sourced from the UCSF-DNA bank. A high-resolution next-generation sequencing method was applied to define non-ambiguous 3- and 4-field alleles at the HLA-A, HLA-C, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB3/4/5, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DPA1, and HLA-DPB1 loci in samples provided by 2248 unrelated individuals. A number of population parameters were examined including balancing selection and various measurements of linkage disequilibrium were calculated. There were no detectable deviations from Hardy-Weinberg proportions at HLA-A, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1. For the remaining loci moderate and significant deviations were detected at HLA-C, HLA-B, HLA-DRB3/4/5, HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 loci mostly from population substructures. Unique 4-field associations were observed among alleles at 2 loci and haplotypes extending large intervals that were not apparent in results obtained using testing methodologies with limited sequence coverage and phasing. The high diversity at HLA-DPA1 results from detection of intron variants of otherwise well conserved protein sequences. It may be speculated that divergence in exon sequences may be negatively selected. Our data provides a valuable reference source for future population studies that may allow for precise fine mapping of coding and non-coding sequences determining disease susceptibility and allo-immunogenicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.