ArticleClinical and translational radiation oncology2019
Estimating survival in patients with gastrointestinal cancers and brain metastases: An update of the graded prognostic assessment for gastrointestinal cancers (GI-GPA).
Article in Clinical and translational radiation oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Development and adaptations of the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) scale: a systematic review.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2023Pooled it
- Risk prediction model for brain metastasis risk among patients diagnosed with primary gastrointestinal cancers.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Radionecrosis risk and local control after CyberKnifeRadiation oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: results from a single-center retrospective analysis.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Article
- Multi-institutional Outcomes after Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Gastrointestinal Brain Metastases.Advances in radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Prognostication of Brain-Metastasized Patients Receiving Subsequent Systemic Therapy: A Single-Center Long-Term Follow-Up.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Validation of the graded prognostic assessment and recursive partitioning analysis as prognostic tools using a modern cohort of patients with brain metastases.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024Article
- Survival and Treatment Outcomes in Gastric Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancers · 2024Review
- Article
- Survival after Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Era of Targeted Therapy: Number of Metastases No Longer Matters.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Article
- Concomitant radiosurgical and targeted oncological treatment improves the outcome of patients with brain metastases from gastrointestinal cancer.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2023Article
- Brain metastases from hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2023Article
- Development and validation of a unifying pre-treatment decision tool for intracranial and extracranial metastasis-directed radiotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Single isocenter stereotactic irradiation for multiple brain metastases: current situation and prospects.Japanese journal of radiology · 2022Review
- Recent Update on Neurosurgical Management of Brain Metastasis.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2022Review
- Treatment of brain metastases from gastrointestinal primaries: Comparing whole-brain radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery in terms of survival.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2022Article
- Brain metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma: A large comprehensive population-based cohort study on risk factors and prognosis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Primary tumor side is associated with prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with brain metastases.ESMO open · 2021Article
- Population-based estimates of survival among elderly patients with brain metastases.Neuro-oncology · 2021Article
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36 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPatients with gastrointestinal cancers and brain metastases (BM) represent a unique and heterogeneous population. Our group previously published the Diagnosis-Specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (DS-GPA) for patients with GI cancers (GI-GPA) (1985-2007, n = 209). The purpose of this study is to update the GI-GPA based on a larger contemporary database.
methodsAn IRB-approved consortium database analysis was performed using a multi-institutional (18), multi-national (3) cohort of 792 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, with newly-diagnosed BM diagnosed between 1/1/2006 and 12/31/2017. Survival was measured from date of first treatment for BM. Multiple Cox regression was used to select and weight prognostic factors in proportion to their hazard ratios. These factors were incorporated into the updated GI-GPA.
resultsMedian survival (MS) varied widely by primary site and other prognostic factors. Four significant factors (KPS, age, extracranial metastases and number of BM) were used to formulate the updated GI-GPA. Overall MS for this cohort remains poor; 8 months. MS by GPA was 3, 7, 11 and 17 months for GPA 0-1, 1.5-2, 2.5-3.0 and 3.5-4.0, respectively. >30% present in the worst prognostic group (GI-GPA of ≤1.0).
conclusionsBrain metastases are not uncommon in GI cancer patients and MS varies widely among them. This updated GI-GPA index improves our ability to estimate survival for these patients and will be useful for therapy selection, end-of-life decision-making and stratification for future clinical trials. A user-friendly, free, on-line app to calculate the GPA score and estimate survival for an individual patient is available at brainmetgpa.com.
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