Observational studyTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2019
Functional outcome and muscle wasting in adults with tetanus.
Observational study in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute Sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Its Incidence and Muscle Parameter Shifts During Hospitalisation.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Pooled it
- The rate and assessment of muscle wasting during critical illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical evaluation of AI-assisted muscle ultrasound for monitoring muscle wasting in ICU patients.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Feasibility of establishing a rehabilitation programme in a Vietnamese intensive care unit.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Article
- Ultrasound assessment of muscle atrophy and its association with functional outcomes in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Tetanus: recognition and management.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Functional prognosis of older adults with tetanus in Japan: a single-center retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Different trend of muscle wasting extracted from computed tomography in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Article
- Disease entity impacts muscle wasting in the ICU with COVID-19 patients losing muscle nearly twice as fast.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The extent of Skeletal muscle wasting in prolonged critical illness and its association with survival: insights from a retrospective single-center study.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Non-medical costs incurred by critically ill patients with dengue, sepsis and tetanus within a major referral hospital in Southern Vietnam: a cost of illness study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Magnitude, Patterns, and Associated Predictors of Cardiovascular Events in Tetanus: A 2-Year, Single-Center, Ambidirectional Cohort Study Involving 572 Patients.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Human skeletal muscle size with ultrasound imaging: a comprehensive review.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Review
- Risk factors associated with mechanical ventilation, autonomic nervous dysfunction and physical outcome in Vietnamese adults with tetanus.Tropical medicine and health · 2021Article
- The management of tetanus in adults in an intensive care unit in Southern Vietnam.Wellcome open research · 2021Article
- An Unusual Case of Tetanus Masquerading as an Acute Abdomen: A Case Report.Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn many countries, in-hospital survival from tetanus is increasing, but long-term outcome is unknown. In high-income settings, critical illness is associated with muscle wasting and poor functional outcome, but there are few data from resource-limited settings. In this study we aimed to assess muscle wasting and long-term functional outcome in adults with tetanus.
methodsIn a prospective observational study involving 80 adults with tetanus, sequential rectus femoris ultrasound measurements were made at admission, 7 days, 14 days and hospital discharge. Functional outcome was assessed at hospital discharge using the Timed Up and Go test, Clinical Frailty Score, Barthel Index and RAND 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and 3 and 6 months after discharge using the SF-36 and Barthel Index.
resultsSignificant muscle wasting occurred between hospital admission and discharge (p<0.01), particularly in severe disease, where a median 23.49% (interquartile range 10.01-26.07) reduction in rectus femoris cross-sectional area occurred in those with severe (Ablett grades 3 and 4) disease. Muscle mass at discharge was related to objective and subjective measures of physical and emotional function at discharge and 3 and 6 months after discharge. In patients >70 y of age, functional recovery at 6 months was reduced compared with younger patients. Hospital-acquired infection and age were risk factors for muscle wasting.
conclusionsSignificant muscle wasting during hospitalization occurred in patients with tetanus, the extent of which correlates with functional outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.