ArticleFrontiers in neurology2019
Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using neuroimaging to identify sex differences in adults with sports-related concussion: a systematic review.Brain imaging and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence and Risk Factors for Sport-Related Concussion in Female Youth Athletes Participating in Contact and Collision Invasion Sports: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Pooled it
- Checking the rules: Comparing bodychecking, head contact, and injury risk across adolescent girls', boys', and para ice sports in Canada.JSAMS plus · 2026Article
- Non-concussive impacts, cognition, and the menstrual cycle: a proof-of-concept study of elite female footballers.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Importance of respect for the menstrual cycle in sports training and competition: a nationwide multisport coach questionnaire.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Menstrual Cycle and Athletic Status Interact to Influence Symptoms, Mood, and Cognition in Females.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- The Impact of Concussions on Neuromuscular Control and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk in Female Soccer Players: Mechanisms and Prevention-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Progesterone and Estradiol Levels Associated with Concussion and Clinical Outcomes and Recovery in Female Athletes and Cadets.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2025Article
- The incidence and burden of concussion in men's and women's English professional football.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2025Article
- Pediatric Concussion Injuries in Soccer: Emergency Department Trends in the United States From 2012 to 2023.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Using impact monitoring mouthguards to measure head impact exposure in elite ice hockey.JSAMS plus · 2024Article
- Assessment of Sports Concussion in Female Athletes: A Role for Neuroinformatics?Neuroinformatics · 2024Review
- Menstrual Cycle Patterns After Concussion in Adolescent Patients.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Sex and Gender Science: The World Writes on the Body.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Risk of Concussion: Findings from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Department of Defense Grand Alliance Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (NCAA-DOD CARE) Consortium (2014-2017).Journal of neurotrauma · 2022Article
- Influence of Sociodemographic, Premorbid, and Injury-Related Factors on Post-Concussion Symptoms after Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A difference exists between sexes for the incidence of concussion injuries and severity of post-injury outcomes with females having a higher incidence rate (in comparable sports) and experience more robust symptoms than males. The basis for this disparity has remained largely unresolved. Recent findings point to a potential biological mechanism that may be related to the menstrual cycle as an arbiter of post-injury outcomes. What has not been addressed, is whether the phase of menstrual cycle (inferred fluctuations of ovarian hormones) contributes to an increased vulnerability to sustain a concussion injury. This prospective, observational study sought to determine if concussions occurred at different frequencies throughout the phase of the menstrual cycle. Female athletes who sustained a concussion injury were queried three times over the 7-day study (e.g., within 48 h of injury, and 4 and 7 days after injury) to recall the number of days that have elapsed since the beginning of their most recent menstruation. Twenty female athletes enrolled after sustaining a concussion; 18 were eumenorrheic and 2 amenorrheic. Among eumenorrheic participants at the time of injury, 2 were in the follicular phase, 4 were in the early luteal phase and 9 were in the late luteal phase. Two athletes were injured on the first and 1 was injured on the second day of menstruation. The greatest number of concussions were sustained during the late luteal phase and during the first 2 days of menstruation. This 9-day window accounted for 2/3rd of the sustained concussions in our study.
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