ReviewViruses2019
Exploring the Reservoir Hosts of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus.
Review in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lyme beyond the season: late-autumn dissemination of infected ticks by southward migrating redwings (Turdus iliacus).Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- 'Reservoir dogs': The emerging zoonotic risk associated with European dog imports to the UK.The Veterinary record · 2026Review
- Tissue tropism and mRNA expression profiles of selected innate immunity-related genes following experimental tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus infection of sheep.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Co-Circulation of Divergent Strains Supports Vector-Mediated Transmission of Rodent Hepacivirus J (Viruses · 2026Article
- The niche ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Turning urban wildlife mortality into a surveillance tool: Detection of vector-borne pathogens in carcasses of hedgehogs, squirrels, and blackbirds.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Current Knowledge on Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Interaction with Ticks: Acquisition, Dissemination, and Persistence.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Two Coding-Complete Genomes of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Sequenced fromPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Diagnostic value of RT-PCR for detection of tick-borne encephalitis virus RNA in cerebrospinal fluid.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus inPeerJ · 2026Article
- Identification of a novel pegivirus in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus valentinae) in Northeastern China.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Multiplex serological screening of wild boar as sentinels of emerging zoonoses: HEV, WNV, and TBEV distribution in Saxony, Germany.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Country-wide assessment of tick-borne pathogens collected in ticks between 2021 and 2024 in Germany, with a focus onOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Spillover infections by rustrela virus, borna disease virus 1 and tick-borne encephalitis virus revealed by retrospective screening of mammalian encephalitis of unknown origin.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- LRP8 is an entry receptor for tick-borne encephalitis viruses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Occupational Infection Risk With Zoonotic Pathogens in Austrian Veterinary Practitioners in the Year 2022.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Serological differentiation of West Nile, Usutu, and tick-borne encephalitis virus antibodies in birds and horses using mutant E protein ELISAs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- TBEV NS1 Induces Tissue-Specific Microvascular Endothelial Cell Permeability by Activating the TNF-α Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Identifying hotspots and risk factors for tick-borne encephalitis virus emergence at its range margins to guide interventions, Great Britain.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an important arbovirus, which is found across large parts of Eurasia and is considered to be a major health risk for humans. Like any other arbovirus, TBEV relies on complex interactions between vectors, reservoir hosts, and the environment for successful virus circulation. Hard ticks are the vectors for TBEV, transmitting the virus to a variety of animals. The importance of these animals in the lifecycle of TBEV is still up for debate. Large woodland animals seem to have a positive influence on virus circulation by providing a food source for adult ticks; birds are suspected to play a role in virus distribution. Bank voles and yellow-necked mice are often referred to as classical virus reservoirs, but this statement lacks strong evidence supporting their highlighted role. Other small mammals (e.g., insectivores) may also play a crucial role in virus transmission, not to mention the absence of any suspected reservoir host for non-European endemic regions. Theories highlighting the importance of the co-feeding transmission route go as far as naming ticks themselves as the true reservoir for TBEV, and mammalian hosts as a mere bridge for transmission. A deeper insight into the virus reservoir could lead to a better understanding of the development of endemic regions. The spatial distribution of TBEV is constricted to certain areas, forming natural foci that can be restricted to sizes of merely 500 square meters. The limiting factors for their occurrence are largely unknown, but a possible influence of reservoir hosts on the distribution pattern of TBE is discussed. This review aims to give an overview of the multiple factors influencing the TBEV transmission cycle, focusing on the role of virus reservoirs, and highlights the questions that are waiting to be further explored.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.