ArticleJournal of foot and ankle research2019
The iPhone Measure app level function as a measuring device for the weight bearing lunge test in adults: a reliability study.
Article in Journal of foot and ankle research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproducibility of Acute Changes in Range of Motion Following Short-Term Static Stretching of the Hamstrings and Gastrocnemius.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Functional and biomechanical effects of a self-locking ankle orthosis versus rigid taping: an observational crossover study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- The anterior reach of the modified Star Excursion Balance Test shows a strong relationship with ankle dorsiflexion in young athletes: a cross-sectional observational study.European journal of medical research · 2025Observational
- Rehabilitative monitoring of utricular dysfunction: VOCR findings before and after Epley maneuver in BPPV patients.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- The effect of age and proprioceptive illusion susceptibility on gait.Physiology & behavior · 2024Article
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- Non-contact lower limb injuries in Rugby Union: A two-year pattern recognition analysis of injury risk factors.PloS one · 2024Article
- Does Restricted Ankle Joint Mobility Influence Hamstring Muscle Strength, Work and Power in Football Players after ACL Reconstruction and Non-Injured Players?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Immediate effects of elastic tape application on the foot sole: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of physical therapy science · 2023Article
- Reliability of the assessment of scapular posterior tilt angle using the smartphone and scapular movement during arm elevation in healthy individuals and patients with frozen shoulder: a cross-sectional study.JSES international · 2023Article
- Test-Retest Reliability of an iPhoneInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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- Reliability of joint position sense measured in the knee using the level function of the iPhone "Measure" application.PloS one · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnkle joint range of motion is a frequently assessed measure used by health care clinicians who manage lower limb pathologies to identify ankle equinus and/or other joint motion concerns that may negatively impact on function. The purpose of this study was to assess a new iPhone application (the level function of the 'Measure application'), for measuring the weightbearing ankle lunge test in a healthy adult population (reliability) and measuring known angles (validity) when compared to a digital inclinometer.
methodsTo determine intra-rater reliability, inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity, 168 measures were conducted on 21 participants. Participants were preconditioned prior to assessment, and two experienced raters measured ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in the knee extended and knee flexed positions of the weight bearing lunge test, using an iPhone level function (of the Measure application) and a digital inclinometer in a randomised order, over two timepoints. Concurrent validity was also determined by comparison of measures of the two devices at known surface angles (0 and 15 degrees) in multiple planes. Reliability and validity were determined with intraclass correlation coefficients, concurrent validity was explored with the Bland Altman plot and an intraclass correlation coefficient. The Standard Error of the Mean and the minimal detectable change were also explored.
resultsThe intra-rater reliability using the iPhone and inter-rater reliability using the digital inclinometer, in the knee extended position, were ICC 0.85 respectively, indicating good reliability. All other intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability for both devices and both leg positions were over ICC 0.90, indicating excellent reliability. Concurrent validity between the two devices on a flat and known angle surface were ICC 1.0 (Limits of Agreement - 1.0 to 0.61), indicating excellent validity, with good validity demonstrated by a Bland Altman plot of all measures in all positions (ICC of 0.84 (Limits of agreement = - 4.51 to 6.49)).
conclusionThe use of the iPhone level measure, within the Measurement App has demonstrated to be an easy and reliable measurement tool to determine ankle joint dorsiflexion during the weightbearing lunge test in healthy adults.
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