Trial reportDiabetes care2019
Circulating Gut Microbiota Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) and Changes in Bone Density in Response to Weight Loss Diets: The POUNDS Lost Trial.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiome and bone health: update on mechanisms, clinical correlations, and possible treatment strategies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Food-Based Weight Loss Interventions on Gut Microbiome in Individuals with Obesity: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of weight loss herbal intervention therapy and lifestyle modifications on obesity and its association with distinct gut microbiome: A randomized double-blind phase 2 study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Trial
- The gut-bone axis: microbial metabolism and nutritional interventions for bone health.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Targeting the gut-bone axis in osteoporosis: probiotic interventions and other microbiota-based therapeutic strategies.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The gut-bone-inflammation axis: intestinal barrier disruption as a central driver of osteoporosis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Time Exposure and Fat Mass Reduction Drive Trimethylamine N-Oxide Modulation During a Very-Low-Energy Ketogenic Therapy (VLEKT) in Women with Obesity.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Gut-bone axis: mechanisms and intervention effects of Chinese botanical drugs in osteoporosis management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota orchestrates bone homeostasis: a multi-pathway network from intestine to skeleton.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-derived TMAO drives the kidney-bone-vascular axis in chronic kidney disease complications.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Dietary fiber derived short-chain fatty acids as a critical driver of the gut-bone axis in animal bone health: A review.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2025Review
- Exploring the shared genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes mellitus and bone mineral density.Archives of osteoporosis · 2025Article
- TMAO and diabetes: from the gut feeling to the heart of the problem.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Review
- Exploring the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and intestinal fungal communities and their metabolites in postmenopausal Chinese women.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Article
- Role of sirtuins in obesity and osteoporosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Trimethylamine-N-oxide accelerates osteoporosis by PERK activation of ATF5 unfolding.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Association of serum trimethylamine N-oxide levels and bone mineral density in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Endocrine · 2024Article
- Trimethylamine-N-oxide promotes osteoclast differentiation and oxidative stress by activating NF-κB pathway.Aging · 2024Article
- Review
- Sex differences in the association between dietary choline intake and total bone mineral density among adolescents aged 12-19 in the United States.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveType 2 diabetes is related to obesity and altered bone health, and both are affected by gut microbiota. We examined associations of weight loss diet-induced changes in a gut microbiota-related metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and its precursors (choline and l-carnitine), with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) considering diabetes-related factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsIn the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial (POUNDS Lost), 264 overweight and obese participants with measurement of BMD by DXA scan were included in the present analysis. The participants were randomly assigned to one of four diets varying in macronutrient intake. Association analysis was performed in pooled participants and different diet groups. Changes in blood levels of TMAO, choline, and l-carnitine from baseline to 6 months after the dietary intervention were calculated.
resultsWe found that a greater reduction in plasma levels of TMAO from baseline to 6 months was associated with a greater loss in whole-body BMD at 6 months and 2 years (
conclusionsTMAO might protect against BMD reduction during weight loss, independent of diet interventions varying in macronutrient content and baseline diabetes risk factors. Dietary fat may modify the relation between change in plasma l-carnitine level and changes in BMD. Our findings highlight the importance of investigating the relation between TMAO and bone health in patients with diabetes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.