SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Dose-Response Relationship of Outdoor Exposure and Myopia Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Various Research Methods.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Conjunctival Ultraviolet Autofluorescence: A Systematic Review of Factors Affecting Observed Ocular Damage.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Pooled it
- Influence of outdoor time on the spherical equivalent and axial length in childhood myopia: A meta-analysis.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions to increase time spent outdoors for preventing incidence and progression of myopia in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Environmental Risk Factors and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Violet light-transmitting intraocular lens increases choroidal thickness: 1-year prospective, randomised controlled trial.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Trial
- Short-term effects of sunlight exposure on fundus blood flow perfusion in children: a randomised controlled trial.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2024Trial
- Bioelectronic interfaces for restoring vision pathways.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Prevention of myopia in a near-primate by supplemental indigo light suggests a hypothesis for the myopia boom.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Mesopic Illumination in Natural Environments: Implications for Myopia Research.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Pre-Myopic Children: Trends in Myopia Development and Management in Canada.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Current and Emerging Strategies for Myopia Control in Children: A Comprehensive Evidence-Based Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Identifying and Managing Pre-Myopia: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Spatial altitude factors on the association with myopia: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The prevalence and demographic profile of myopia among school children in Beirut City, Lebanon.BMC public health · 2025Article
- An analysis of light that reaches the eye surface in an outdoor environment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- How to Deal With Darkness: Modeling and Visualization of Zero-Inflated Personal Light Exposure Data on a Logarithmic Scale.Journal of biological rhythms · 2025Article
- Objective Biomarkers of Outdoor Activity (Vitamin D and CUVAF) in Young Adults with Myopia During and After the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Myopia Development During Transition From Kindergarten to Early Grades in Elementary School: Population-Based Evidence From an Epidemic Area in Taiwan.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Measuring the visual environment of children and young people at risk of myopia: a scoping review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Myopia in children has dramatically increased worldwide. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of outdoor light exposure on myopia. According to research data from 13 studies of 15,081 children aged 4-14 at baseline, outdoor light exposure significantly reduced myopia incidence/prevalence (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-0.91,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.