ArticlePloS one2019
Low-dose inoculation of Escherichia coli achieves robust vaginal colonization and results in ascending infection accompanied by severe uterine inflammation in mice.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Traps at the Crossroads of Immune Evasion and Antimicrobial Resistance: The Case ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bacteriophage-mediated reduction of uropathogenicInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Placental Molecular Expression of Different Pathogenic Vaginal Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Comparative genetic and pathogenic approaches of Escherichia coli isolated simultaneously from pyometra and urine of bitches.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Vaginal microbial dynamics and pathogen colonization in a humanized microbiota mouse model.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2023Article
- Endometrial responses to bacterial and viral infection: a scoping review.Human reproduction update · 2023Article
- Effect of a combination of pea protein, grape seed extract and lactic acid in an in vivo model of bacterial vaginosis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- An Altered Microbiota in the Lower and Upper Female Reproductive Tract of Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Vaginal Inoculation of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli during Estrus Leads to Genital and Renal Colonization.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- The Darkest Place Is under the Candlestick-Healthy Urogenital Tract as a Source of Worldwide Disseminated Extraintestinal PathogenicMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- The Role of 17β-Estrogen in Escherichia coli Adhesion on Human Vaginal Epithelial Cells via FAK Phosphorylation.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- UropathogenicNew microbes and new infections · 2020Article
- Glycan cross-feeding supports mutualism between Fusobacterium and the vaginal microbiota.PLoS biology · 2020Article
- Invasion of vaginal epithelial cells by uropathogenic Escherichia coli.Nature communications · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Escherichia coli infection of the female reproductive tract is a significant cause of disease in humans and animals, but simple animal models are lacking. Here we report that vaginal inoculation of uropathogenic E. coli strains UTI89 and CFT073 in non-pregnant, estrogen-treated mice resulted in robust colonization of the vagina and uterine horns, whereas titers of the lab strain MG1655 were significantly lower. Non-estrogenized mice also became colonized, but there was more variation in titers. A dose of 104 colony-forming units (CFU) UTI89 was sufficient to result in colonization in all estrogenized mice, and we also observed bacterial transfer between inoculated and uninoculated estrogenized cage mates. UTI89 infection led to inflammation and leukocyte infiltration into the uterine horns as evidenced by tissue histology. Flow cytometry experiments revealed that neutrophil, monocyte and eosinophil populations were significantly increased in infected uterine horns. This model is a simple way to study host-pathogen interactions in E. coli vaginal colonization and uterine infection. There are immediate implications for investigators studying urinary tract infection using mouse models, as few E. coli are required to achieve reproductive colonization, resulting in an additional, underappreciated mucosal reservoir.
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