ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2019
Trajectories of injection drug use among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada, 1996-2017: growth mixture modeling using data from prospective cohort studies.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Identifying Distinct Depression Trajectories in Korean Parents of Individuals With Intellectual Disability or Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Growth Mixture Modeling Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Payday Loan Use Among People With Lived and Living Experience of Substance Use.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Incidence, Patient-Directed Discharge, Readmission, and Mortality Among People Hospitalized With Injecting-Related Infection: A Population-Based Linkage Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Initiation and/or re-initiation of drug use among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada from 2021 to 2022: a prospective cohort study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2024Article
- A qualitative study on perceptions and experiences of overdose among people who smoke drugs in Vancouver, British Columbia.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Patterns of Socioeconomic Marginalization among People Who Use Drugs: A Gender-Stratified Repeated Measures Latent Class Analysis.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Longitudinal patterns of use of stimulants and opioids in the AIDS linked to the IntraVenous experience cohort, 2005-2019.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Latent polydrug use patterns and the provision of injection initiation assistance among people who inject drugs in three North American settings.Drug and alcohol review · 2023Article
- High rates of resumption of injecting drug use following release from prison among men who injected drugs before imprisonment.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
- Unprecedented need and recommendations for harnessing data to guide future policy and practice for opioid use disorder treatment following COVID-19.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2021Article
- Blockade of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2A Receptor Attenuates Precipitation of Naloxone-Induced Withdrawal Symptoms in Opioid-Exposed Mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Beyond abstinence and relapse: cluster analysis of drug-use patterns during treatment as an outcome measure for clinical trials.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- National findings from the Tracks survey of people who inject drugs in Canada, Phase 4, 2017-2019.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2020Article
- A Longitudinal Investigation of Chemsex and Its Relationship with Depressive Symptoms Among Gay, Bisexual Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Taiwan.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsInjection drug use patterns are known to change over time, although such long-term changes have not been well described. We sought to characterize longitudinal trajectories of injection drug use and identify associated factors.
designData were derived from the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study and AIDS Care Cohort to evaluate the Exposure to Survival Services study, two prospective cohorts involving people who inject drugs in Vancouver, Canada between 1996 and 2017. Growth mixture modeling was applied to identify distinct injection drug use trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify baseline factors associated with each trajectory.
settingCanada.
participantsA total of 2057 participants who reported having used illicit drugs via injection in the past 6 months at the baseline visit were included in the study. The median time since first injection drug use at baseline was 14.8 years (quartile 1-quartile 3: 6.5-24.3). MEASUREMENTS: Information regarding self-reported injection drug use during the past 6 months was collected at baseline and semi-annually thereafter via interviewer-administered questionnaires.
findingsParticipants were followed for a median of 113.4 months (quartile 1-quartile 3: 63.4-161.7). Five trajectories were identified: persistent high frequency injection (507, 24.6%); high frequency injection with late decrease (374, 18.2%); gradual cessation (662, 32.2%); early cessation with late relapse (227, 11.0%); and early cessation (287, 14.0%). Factors found to be associated with distinct trajectories included: daily heroin injection, binge injection drug use, age, not being in a stable relationship and year of study enrollment.
conclusionsPeople who used drugs in Vancouver, Canada from 1996 to 2017 appeared to follow five drug use trajectories, ranging from persistent high frequency use to early cessation. Almost 25% of participants remained high-frequency injectors over the study period.
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