ArticleEuropean Medical Journal (Chelmsford, England)2019
Sex Differences in Paediatric and Adult Asthma.
Article in European Medical Journal (Chelmsford, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring associations between maternal vitamin D-binding protein, vitamin D, and offspring asthma/recurrent wheeze.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Changes in caregiver mental health and pediatric asthma control during COVID-19.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2023Trial
- Asthma-related mortality in Italian children and adolescents.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Severe Asthma Exacerbations in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Clinical Profile, Management, and Outcomes-Retrospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Transcriptome-wide association study of sex effects identifies sex-specific nasal epithelial gene expression profiles for total IgE.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Factors Influencing Asthma in Children at Early Childhood Development Centres in a Densely Populated Urban Informal Township in Gauteng Province, South Africa.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sex, hormones, and lung health.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- The Interlinkages Between Ambient Temperature and Air Pollution in Exacerbating Childhood Asthma: A Time Series Study in Cape Town, South Africa.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- "Scripts" Don't Lie: Sex and Age Shape Blood Immune Gene Expression in Asthma.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Sex-based disparities in asthma prevalence in Sierra Leone.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Correlation of fractional exhalation of nitric oxide values with asthma control test score and spirometric parameters in steroid naïve asthmatic children at 6-8 weeks follow up.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Sex-Specific Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Ketogenic Diet in a Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Sex and age characteristics of thunderstorm asthma emergency department visits.Hygiene and environmental health advances · 2024Article
- Role of digital education through smartphones in improving knowledge among asthma patients: A preliminary study.Narra J · 2024Article
- Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits fromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Revealing polygenic pleiotropy using genetic risk scores for asthma.HGG advances · 2023Article
- Sexual dimorphism in chronic respiratory diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2023Review
- Intergenerational transmission of the effects of maternal exposure to childhood maltreatment in the USA: a retrospective cohort study.The Lancet. Public health · 2023Article
- Interleukin-4 (C590T) Gene Polymorphism in Association with Asthma Severity.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2023Article
- Association Between Asthma and Reduced Androgen Receptor Expression in Airways.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic condition in Western countries. Affecting 1 in 7 children and 1 in 12 adults, asthma is responsible for >350,000 avoidable deaths every year. While most children who develop symptoms of asthma are <5 years of age, the disease is frequently misdiagnosed or not suspected in infants and toddlers. In addition, the prevalence of asthma is different in males and females throughout their lifespan. While boys are more likely to develop asthma than girls, this pattern is reversed after puberty. This indicates that sex-specific factors, such as fluctuations in hormone levels, play a role in the disease's pathogenesis. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in diagnostic tools for asthma in both adults and children, as well as the influences of BMI, environmental exposures, socioeconomic factors, and sex hormones in the disease's pathogenesis. The review will show that both experimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that circulating sex hormone levels are important contributors to asthma symptoms in post-pubertal females, while their role in males and children has not been yet established. In addition, the mechanisms associated with these hormonal influences on airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity have not been yet elucidated. The authors conclude that different factors affect asthma rates and severity in children and adults, and that more research needs to be conducted to identify the specific contributions of sex hormones. These will allow the development of more personalised asthma treatment strategies for men and women at different stages of life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
31328173PMC6641536W2990129629What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.