Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31328097›Full record

ArticleBiomedical spectroscopy and imaging2019

Determining T2 relaxation time and stroke onset relationship in ischaemic stroke within apparent diffusion coefficient-defined lesions. A user-independent method for quantifying the impact of stroke in the human brain.

Michael J Knight, Robin A Damion, Bryony L McGarry, Rose Bosnell, Kimmo T Jokivarsi, Olli H J Gröhn, Peter Jezzard, George W J Harston, Davide Carone, James Kennedy and 5 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedical spectroscopy and imaging, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Longitudinal MRI Characterization of TNMR in biomedicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. A Comparison of TJournal of central nervous system disease · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael J KnightSchool of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Stroke Medicine, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Robin A DamionSchool of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Stroke Medicine, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Bryony L McGarrySchool of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Stroke Medicine, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Rose BosnellStroke Neurology, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Kimmo T JokivarsiDepartment of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Olli H J GröhnDepartment of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Peter JezzardOxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford UK.
George W J HarstonAcute Stroke programme, Radcliff Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
Davide CaroneAcute Stroke programme, Radcliff Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
James KennedyAcute Stroke programme, Radcliff Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
Salwa El-TawilInstitute of Neuroscience and Psychology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Jennifer ElliotInstitute of Neuroscience and Psychology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Keith W MuirInstitute of Neuroscience and Psychology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Philip ClatworthyStroke Neurology, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Risto A KauppinenSchool of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Stroke Medicine, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
University of Bristol · GBUniversity of Oxford · GBQueen Elizabeth University Hospital · GBUniversity of Eastern Finland · FINorth Bristol NHS Trust · GBSouthmead Hospital · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GBWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging · GB

Funding

The Dunhill Medical Trust R385/1114Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveIn hyperacute ischaemic stroke, T2 of cerebral water increases with time. Quantifying this change may be informative of the extent of tissue damage and onset time. Our objective was to develop a user-unbiased method to measure the effect of cerebral ischaemia on T2 to study stroke onset time-dependency in human acute stroke lesions.

methodsSix rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral occlusion to induce focal ischaemia, and a consecutive cohort of acute stroke patients (n = 38) were recruited within 9 hours from symptom onset. T1-weighted structural, T2 relaxometry, and diffusion MRI for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were acquired. Ischaemic lesions were defined as regions of lowered ADC. The median T2 difference (ΔT2) between lesion and contralateral non-ischaemic control region was determined by the newly-developed spherical reference method, and data compared to that obtained by the mirror reference method. Linear regressions and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were compared between the two methods.

resultsΔT2 increases linearly in rat brain ischaemia by 1.9 ± 0.8 ms/h during the first 6 hours, as determined by the spherical reference method. In patients, ΔT2 linearly increases by 1.6 ± 1.4 and 1.9 ± 0.9 ms/h in the lesion, as determined by the mirror reference and spherical reference method, respectively. ROC analyses produced areas under the curve of 0.83 and 0.71 for the spherical and mirror reference methods, respectively.

conclusionsData from the spherical reference method showed that the median T2 increase in the ischaemic lesion is correlated with stroke onset time in a rat as well as in a human patient cohort, opening the possibility of using the approach as a timing tool in clinics.

Indexed as

acute ischaemic strokediffusion MRIstroke onset timeT2 relaxation time

Identifiers

PMID31328097
PMCPMC6640032
OpenAlexW2913862859

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.