ArticleVeterinary world2019
The epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks and its history in Iraq.
Article in Veterinary world, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Goats in Uganda: A Risk-Based Approach.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Current trends and challenges in the management of foot and mouth disease in Saudi Arabia: A review.Open veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Selenium nanoparticles effect on foot and mouth disease vaccine in local Awassi breed male lambs.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Article
- Evaluation of specific chicken IgY antibody value developing diagnostic capture antibody ELISA kit against Foot and Mouth disease.Archives of Razi Institute · 2024Article
- The prevalence of foot-and-mouth disease in Asia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Analytical and Early Detection System of Infectious Diseases and Animal Health Status in Kuwait.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is reported in Iraq since 1937 and occurs as a devastating seasonal epidemic. This study intended to explore the epidemiology of FMD in Iraq during 2011-2016, through assessment of outbreak reports among cow, buffalo, and small ruminants (sheep and goat) in 15 Iraqi governorates except for Kurdistan region. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe reported data regarding FMD cases were collected from veterinary hospitals in 15 Iraqi governorates and were analyzed.
resultsThe results revealed annual FMD outbreaks in cow, buffalo, and small ruminants in Iraqi governorates with variability in the numbers of the infected and dead animals. The total number of infected animals increased in 2016 compared to 2015 due to the illegal importation of FMD-infected cows at the end of 2015. The prevalence rates of FMD were 68.7%, 46.6%, and 30.3% in cattle, buffalo, and small ruminants, respectively, in 2016, while this was 18.4%, 19.9%, and 17.3%, respectively, in 2015.
conclusionThis study approved the reemergence and endemic nature of FMD in Iraqi livestock. Prompt procedures and a new future strategy need to be implemented to control the increasing incidences of FMD in Iraq.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.