ArticleVaccine2019
Rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin supply and logistics: Challenges and opportunities for rabies elimination in Kenya.
Article in Vaccine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policies for provisioning rabies post-exposure vaccines.Vaccine · 2026Article
- Experiences of piloting integrated bite case management in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria.Frontiers in tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Healthcare accessibility to rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in rural Kenya: implications for vaccine placement and travel time.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Practitioner's perspectives on access to Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Tanzania: A mixed-methods and theoretically-informed study to inform policy and practice.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Towards "Zero by 30", the Kenyan case: a systematic exploration of barriers to rabies policy implementation through systems thinking.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic disparities and dog rabies: a retrospective analysis of high-spatial-resolution surveillance data from a Latin American city.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Access to Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Tanzania: A mixed-methods and theoretically-informed study to inform policy and practise.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Superior immune responses from thermostable, single-administration rabies vaccines prepared using atomic layer deposition.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Dog-Mediated Rabies: Disparities in Incidence and Surveillance Effort in a Latin American City.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Assessment of the awareness of rabies, rabies prophylaxis guidelines and rabies practice among physicians in Sudan: a national cross-sectional study, 2024.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Documenting challenges in achieving rabies elimination by 2030 in low-middle income countries; a Kenyan case study from Lamu County, 2020-2022: mixed methods approach.One health outlook · 2025Article
- One health surveillance: linking human and animal rabies surveillance data in Kenya.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Assessing veterinary professionals' perspectives on community knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding dog rabies in Turkana, Kenya.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Two Decades of Human Rabies in Brazil: Epidemiological Trends, Emerging Risks and Treatment Challenges.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2025Article
- Global Landscape of Encephalitis: Key Priorities to Reduce Future Disease Burden.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Review
- Inventory management practices: implications on the pharmaceuticals expenditure of rabies vaccine in public health facilities, Namibia.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Effect of Phone Text Message Reminders on Compliance with Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis following Dog Bites in Rural Kenya.Vaccines · 2023Article
- A call to accelerate an end to human rabies deaths.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Review
- Preparation and the assessed efficacy of oral baits for the vaccination of free-roaming dogs against rabies.Veterinary world · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Prompt provision of post-exposure-prophylaxis (PEP) including vaccines and rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) to persons bitten by suspect rabid dogs is a key strategy to eliminating human deaths from dog-mediated rabies in Kenya by 2030. We assessed the availability, forecasting and supply chain logistics for rabies PEP in Kenya, compared with the system used for vaccines in the expanded program of immunization (routine vaccines). Semi-structured questionnaires capturing data on forecasting, procurement, distribution, cold chain and storage, monitoring and reporting for routine vaccines and rabies vaccines and RIG were administered to 35 key personnel at the national, county, sub-county and health facility levels in five counties. Results showed large variability in PEP availability (stockouts ranged from 3 to 36 weeks per year) with counties implementing rabies elimination activities having shorter stockouts. PEP is administered intramuscularly using the 5-dose Essen regimen (day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28). PEP costs to bite patients were reported to range from 10 to 15 US dollars per dose; RIG was seldom available. A less robust supply and logistics infrastructure is used for rabies PEP compared to routine vaccines. Forecasting and monitoring mechanisms for rabies PEP was poor in the study counties. The supply of vaccines from the national to the sub-national level is mainly through two government agencies and a private agency. Since government decentralization, the National Vaccine and Immunization Program has remained as the main supplier of the routine vaccines, playing a lesser role in the supply of rabies biologicals. Adoption of the dose-saving intradermal route for PEP administration, reduction of PEP costs to patients, and placing rabies vaccines within the routine vaccines supply and logistics system would significantly improve PEP availability and accessibility to persons at risk of rabies; a critical step to achieving elimination of human deaths from rabies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.