ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2020
Borderline Symptoms at Age 12 Signal Risk for Poor Outcomes During the Transition to Adulthood: Findings From a Genetically Sensitive Longitudinal Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Psychological Interventions on Functioning in the Context of Borderline Personality Disorder Features for Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Unique features of peer relationships in specific developmental periods predict borderline personality disorder and major depressive disorder in late adolescence.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Personality functioning improvements in adolescents from an early intervention clinic for personality disorders.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Uncovering trajectories of personality functioning in adolescence and their associations with baseline psychopathology.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Do trajectories of self- and interpersonal functioning identify a core underlying developmental pathway for personality pathology in late adolescence and early adulthood?Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2026Article
- From adolescence to adulthood: validation of the levels of personality functioning questionnaire in a Turkish adult sample.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Borderline personality traits in early adolescence: the role of attachment and reflective functioning.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Research Review: What we have learned about early detection and intervention of borderline personality disorder.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Psychosocial functioning in personality disorders.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2025Review
- Aberrant Salience Network Functional Connectivity in Resting-State and Fear-Related Autobiographical Memory Recall in Female Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Latent class analysis of women with borderline personality disorder: the role of adverse childhood experiences in impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and neurocognitive profiles.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2025Article
- Decoding personality functioning: the impact of DSM-5 pathological traits mediated by emotion dysregulation and metacognition.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2025Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of individuals screening positive for borderline personality disorder on an adult inpatient psychiatry unit: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- The incremental validity of level of personality functioning over borderline personality features in associations with early adolescent social reward processing.Personality and mental health · 2025Article
- Borderline personality: revisiting its classification as a neurodevelopmental disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Recovery in personality disorders: the development and preliminary testing of a novel natural language processing model to identify recovery in mental health electronic records.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Breakdown or Personality Disorder? Psychiatric Characterization and Developmental Pathways Towards Young Adulthood in Adolescents with Pathological Personality Structure.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Social and Monetary Reward Processing in Youth with Early Emerging Personality Pathology: An RDoC-Informed Study.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Article
- Borderline personality disorder: a comprehensive review of diagnosis and clinical presentation, etiology, treatment, and current controversies.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveBorderline personality disorder in adolescence remains a controversial construct. We addressed concerns about the prognostic significance of adolescent borderline pathology by testing whether borderline symptoms at age 12 years predict functioning during the transition to adulthood, at age 18 years, in areas critical to life-course development.
methodWe studied members of the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, which tracks the development of a birth cohort of 2,232 British twin children. At age 12, study members' borderline symptoms were measured using mothers' reports. At age 18, study members' personality, psychopathology, functional outcomes, and experiences of victimization were measured using self-reports, coinformant reports, and official records.
resultsAt age 18, study members who had more borderline symptoms at age 12 were more likely to have difficult personalities, to struggle with poor mental health, to experience poor functional outcomes, and to have become victims of violence. Reports of poor outcomes were corroborated by coinformants and official records. Borderline symptoms in study members at 12 years old predicted poor outcomes over and above other behavioral and emotional problems during adolescence. Twin analyses showed that borderline symptoms in 12-year-olds were influenced by familial risk, particularly genetic risk, which accounted for associations with most poor outcomes at age 18.
conclusionBorderline symptoms in 12-year-olds signal risk for pervasive poor functioning during the transition to adulthood. This association is driven by genetic influences, suggesting that borderline symptoms and poor outcomes are manifestations of shared genetic risk.
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