ArticleAIDS and behavior2019
Housing First: Unsuppressed Viral Load Among Women Living with HIV in San Francisco.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socio-ecological Barriers to Viral Suppression Among Transgender Women Living with HIV in San Francisco and Los Angeles, California.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
- Association Between Housing Instability and HIV Care Outcomes Among People With HIV in the United States.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- BIG cuts, BIG solutions: the case for basic income guarantee for low income people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Housing Instability as a Barrier to HIV Viral Suppression: Evidence from a U.S. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2026Review
- Community Resilience Estimates and HIV Health Outcomes: Insights from the CNICS Cohort.AIDS and behavior · 2026Observational
- Influence of Housing Status on Health Outcomes for Reproductive-Age Women With and Without HIV in the Southern United States.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Unmet Subsistence and Mental Health Needs in Women Experiencing Homelessness: Rethinking Care Models for Improved Outcomes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections by sex, methamphetamine use, and houselessness before, at, and after HIV diagnosis in Manitoba, Canada.IJID regions · 2024Article
- Overamped: Stimulant Use and HIV Pathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Precarious Housing Associated with Unsuppressed Viral load, sub-optimal Access to HIV Treatment and Unmet Health care Needs, Among Women Living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- HIV care cascade for women living with HIV in the Greater Toronto Area versus the rest of Ontario and Canada.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2023Article
- Differential Effects of Patient Navigation across Latent Profiles of Barriers to Care among People Living with HIV and Comorbid Conditions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Relationship between Housing Characteristics and Care Outcomes among Women Living with HIV: Latent Class Analysis.Social work research · 2022Article
- Primary care embedded within permanent supportive housing for people who use substances: A qualitative study examining healthcare access in Vancouver, Canada.Health & social care in the community · 2022Article
- The prevalence and social-structural correlates of housing status among women living with HIV in Vancouver, Canada.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Examining Barriers to Medication Adherence and Retention in Care among Women Living with HIV in the Face of Homelessness and Unstable Housing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Structural and community changes during COVID-19 and their effects on overdose precursors among rural people who use drugs: a mixed-methods analysis.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
- Multilevel Analysis of Individual and Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with Viral Suppression Among Adults with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- African American/Black and Latino Adults with Detectable HIV Viral Load Evidence Substantial Risk for Polysubstance Substance Use and Co-occurring Problems: A Latent Class Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Structural Barriers to Women's Sustained Engagement in HIV Care in Southern California.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While poverty is an established barrier to achieving success at each step of the HIV care continuum, less is known about specific aspects of poverty and how they overlap with behavior in exceptionally low-income individuals who live in well-resourced areas. We considered unsuppressed viral load over 3 years among women living with HIV in San Francisco who used homeless shelters, low-income hotels and free meal programs. One-hundred twenty study participants were followed; 60% had > 1 unsuppressed viral load and 19% were unsuppressed at every visit. Across six-month intervals, the odds of unsuppressed viral load were 11% higher for every 10 nights spent sleeping on the street [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20]; 16% higher for every 10 nights spent sleeping in a shelter (AOR/10 nights 1.16, 95% CI 1.06-1.27); 4% higher for every 10 nights spent sleeping in a single-room occupancy hotel (AOR/10 nights 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07); and over threefold higher among women who experienced any recent incarceration (AOR 3.56, 95% CI 1.84-6.86). Violence and recent use of outpatient health care did not significantly predict viral suppression in adjusted analysis. While strategies to promote retention in care are important for vulnerable persons living with HIV, they are insufficient to ensure sustained viral suppression in low-income women experiencing homelessness and incarceration. Results presented here in combination with prior research linking incarceration to homelessness among women indicate that tailored interventions, which not only consider but prioritize affordable housing, are critical to achieving sustained viral suppression in low-income women living with HIV.
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Registered trials
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