Initial management of immune thrombocytopaenia in adults based on risk stratification.

Patients with immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP) have a wide spectrum of disease severity and bleeding risk even at similar platelet counts. Hence, additional clinical and laboratory factors may be considered in the evaluation of bleeding risk in ITP. Risk stratification based on predicted bleeding risk may help to identify high-risk patients and guide the initial management of ITP in adults requiring treatment. Recent evidence supports the use of high-dose dexamethasone therapy over prednisone in the initial management of ITP because of improved initial response rates, shorter median time to response and better safety profile. A risk-stratified approach to management of ITP is hoped to reduce bleeding complications in high-risk patients; however, the outcomes of such management approach need to be studied prospectively. Additionally, whether therapy intensification or combination of dual therapy such as intravenous immunoglobulin or rituximab in combination with dexamethasone can reduce bleeding complications in high-risk ITP should be studied in the future.