ReviewClinical and experimental immunology2019
From early adversities to immune activation in psychiatric disorders: the role of the sympathetic nervous system.
Review in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of the association between biological markers and environmental stress risk factors for adolescent depression.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Pooled it
- The role of proinflammatory response and the kynurenine pathway in the association between childhood maltreatment and lifetime substance use disorder.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- Developmental origins of immune function: Maternal prenatal mood is associated with infant immune cell gene expression.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Microglia as critical mediators linking perinatal immune stress to mental health trajectories.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Impact of physical and psychological stressors on tumor growth and immune responses in breast cancer.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Where's my mom? Resilient maternal preference in post-weaning male and female mice within a multi-chamber social behavior task.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Immunology of Stress: A Review Article.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Leukocytes: Likely not the immune system's white knights in the wake of early life adversity.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Lingering Effects of Early Institutional Rearing and Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Natural Killer Cell Repertoire of Adopted Adolescents.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Role of stress and early-life stress in the pathogeny of inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Examination of the role of adrenergic receptor stimulation in the sensitization of neuroinflammatory-based depressive-like behavior in isolated Guinea pig pups.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Effects of physical activity in child and adolescent depression and anxiety: role of inflammatory cytokines and stress-related peptide hormones.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Treatment-associated mRNA co-expression changes in monocytes of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Article
- Boosting stress resilience using flexibility as a framework to reduce depression risk.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Exploring the role of immune pathways in the risk and development of depression in adolescence: Research protocol of the IDEA-FLAME study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: current knowledge and areas for future research.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2021Review
- The Therapeutic Effect of Intranasal Administration of Dexamethasone in Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Model of Post-traumatic Growth in Newly Traumatized vs. Retraumatized Adolescents.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Collective Trauma and Mental Health in Adolescents: A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Effects of Retraumatization.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Increased peripheral levels of cytokines and central microglial activation have been reported in patients with psychiatric disorders. The degree of both innate and adaptive immune activation is also associated with worse clinical outcomes and poor treatment response in these patients. Understanding the possible causes and mechanisms leading to this immune activation is therefore an important and necessary step for the development of novel and more effective treatment strategies for these patients. In this work, we review the evidence of literature pointing to childhood trauma as one of the main causes behind the increased immune activation in patients with psychiatric disorders. We then discuss the potential mechanisms linking the experience of early life adversity (ELA) to innate immune activation. Specifically, we focus on the innervation of the bone marrow from sympathetic nervous system (SNS) as a new and emerging mechanism that has the potential to bridge the observed increases in both central and peripheral inflammatory markers in patients exposed to ELA. Experimental studies in laboratory rodents suggest that SNS activation following early life stress exposure causes a shift in the profile of innate immune cells, with an increase in proinflammatory monocytes. In turn, these cells traffic to the brain and influence neural circuitry, which manifests as increased anxiety and other relevant behavioural phenotypes. To date, however, very few studies have been conducted to explore this candidate mechanism in humans. Future research is also needed to clarify whether these pathways could be partially reversible to improve prevention and treatment strategies in the future.
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