ArticleNeurobiology of learning and memory2019
Sign-tracking behavior is difficult to extinguish and resistant to multiple cognitive enhancers.
Article in Neurobiology of learning and memory, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of reward uncertainty and alcohol intoxication on human sign- and goal-tracking.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Sign- vs. goal-tracking is associated with greater adiposity and altered functional connectivity in response to a naturalistic food paradigm.Physiology & behavior · 2025Article
- The effect of reward and punishment on the extinction of attentional capture elicited by value-related stimuli.Psychological research · 2025Article
- Behavioral microanalyses refine sign-tracking characterization and uncover different response dynamics during omission and extinction learning.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Ginkgo Biloba as a niche theme cognitive enhancer agent, 1420 dokumen of Scopus database. A bibliometric study from 1988 to 2024.F1000Research · 2025Article
- Understanding the shift to compulsion in addiction: insights from personality traits, social factors, and neurobiology.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Review
- Individual differences in late positive potential amplitude and theta power predict cue-induced eating.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effects of predictive and incentive value manipulation on sign- and goal-tracking behavior.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2023Article
- Nucleus accumbens core acetylcholine receptors modulate the balance of flexible and inflexible cue-directed motivation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Reward-Mediated, Model-Free Reinforcement-Learning Mechanisms in Pavlovian and Instrumental Tasks Are Related.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- A mechanical task for measuring sign- and goal-tracking in humans: A proof-of-concept study.Behavioural brain research · 2023Article
- Acute sensitization of the P3 event-related potential response to beverage images and the risk for alcohol use disorder.Addiction neuroscience · 2022Article
- Another look at the extinction of conditioned flavor preferences: Amount of training and tests for spontaneous recovery.Learning & behavior · 2021Article
- Transfer of incentive salience from a first-order alcohol cue to a novel second-order alcohol cue among individuals at risk for alcohol use disorder: electrophysiological evidence.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Article
- The synthetically produced predator odor 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline increases alcohol self-administration and alters basolateral amygdala response to alcohol in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- The lateral hypothalamus and orexinergic transmission in the paraventricular thalamus promote the attribution of incentive salience to reward-associated cues.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Individual variation in the attribution of incentive salience to social cues.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Basolateral Amygdala to Nucleus Accumbens Communication Differentially Mediates Devaluation Sensitivity of Sign- and Goal-Tracking Rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of Shared Vulnerability to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The attribution of incentive-motivational value to drug-related cues underlies relapse and craving in drug addiction. One method of addiction treatment, cue-exposure therapy, utilizes repeated presentations of drug-related cues in the absence of drug (i.e., extinction learning); however, its efficacy has been limited due to an incomplete understanding of extinction and relapse processes after cues have been imbued with incentive-motivational value. To investigate this, we used a Pavlovian conditioned approach procedure to screen for rats that attribute incentive-motivational value to reward-related cues (sign-trackers; STs) or those that do not (goal-trackers; GTs). In Experiment 1, rats underwent Pavlovian extinction followed by reinstatement and spontaneous recovery tests. For comparison, a separate group of rats underwent PCA training followed by operant conditioning, extinction, and tests of reinstatement and spontaneous recovery. In Experiment 2, three cognitive enhancers (sodium butyrate, D-cycloserine, and fibroblast growth factor 2) were administered following extinction training to facilitate extinction learning. STs but not GTs displayed enduring resistance to Pavlovian, but not operant, extinction and were more susceptible to spontaneous recovery. In addition, none of the cognitive enhancers tested affected extinction learning. These results expand our understanding of extinction learning by demonstrating that there is individual variation in extinction and relapse processes and highlight potential difficulties in applying extinction-based therapies to drug addiction treatment in the clinic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.