ArticleScientific reports2019
Eye tracking in an everyday environment reveals the interpersonal distance that affords infant-parent gaze communication.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Body position classification using wearable sensors in infants with cerebral palsy.Infant behavior & development · 2026Article
- Gaze and gait dynamics are shaped by terrain type during urban walking.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Making Machine Learning Accessible for Developmental Science: The Case of Automated Face Detection.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Article
- The relationship between interpersonal distance preference and estimation accuracy in autism.PloS one · 2024Article
- Within arms reach: Physical proximity shapes mother-infant language exchanges in real-time.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2023Article
- Dynamics of the dyad: How mothers and infants co-construct interaction spaces during object play.Developmental science · 2023Article
- Bidding on the go: Links between walking, social actions, and caregiver responses in infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Article
- Eye tracking in human interaction: Possibilities and limitations.Behavior research methods · 2021Article
- "Dancing" Together: Infant-Mother Locomotor Synchrony.Child development · 2021Article
- What are the building blocks of parent-infant coordinated attention in free-flowing interaction?Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies · 2020Article
- Head and body structure infants' visual experiences during mobile, naturalistic play.PloS one · 2020Article
- Transition From Crawling to Walking Changes Gaze Communication Space in Everyday Infant-Parent Interaction.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- The Association Between Pointing and Walking in Infants: A Longitudinal Observational Study.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesObservational
- Face-Looking as a Real-Time Process in Mind-Mindedness: Timely Coordination Between Mothers' Gaze on Infants' Faces and Mind-Related Comments.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The unique morphology of human eyes enables gaze communication at various ranges of interpersonal distance. Although gaze communication contributes to infants' social development, little is known about how infant-parent distance affects infants' visual experience in daily gaze communication. The present study conducted longitudinal observations of infant-parent face-to-face interactions in the home environment as 5 infants aged from 10 to 15.5 months. Using head-mounted eye trackers worn by parents, we evaluated infants' daily visual experience of 3138 eye contact scenes recorded from the infants' second-person perspective. The results of a hierarchical Bayesian statistical analysis suggest that certain levels of interpersonal distance afforded smooth interaction with eye contact. Eye contacts were not likely to be exchanged when the infant and parent were too close or too far apart. The number of continuing eye contacts showed an inverse U-shaped pattern with interpersonal distance, regardless of whether the eye contact was initiated by the infant or the parent. However, the interpersonal distance was larger when the infant initiated the eye contact than when the parent initiated it, suggesting that interpersonal distance affects the infant's and parent's social look differently. Overall, the present study indicates that interpersonal distance modulates infant-parent gaze communication.
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