Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31313002›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2019

Consumption of methylphenidate and atomoxetine in the private healthcare sector in South Africa: a longitudinal study.

Ashmitha Premchand Munasur-Naidoo, Ilse Truter

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Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 46% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ashmitha Premchand Munasur-NaidooDepartment of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.
Ilse TruterDrug Utilization Research Unit (DURU), Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa. ilse.truter@mandela.ac.za.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-0306
Nelson Mandela University · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Globally Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been in the spotlight. Despite some controversies, treatment of ADHD remains the cornerstone of patient care. Objective To describe the consumption of methylphenidate and atomoxetine in the private healthcare sector in South Africa over a four-year period (2013-2016). Method Data were extracted from the Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMS) database for the drug utilisation study. Consumption patterns were expressed as number of Defined Daily Doses (DDDs)/1000 inhabitants/day and number of DDDs/1000 inhabitants/month. Results Methylphenidate (95.85%) was the medication of choice when compared to atomoxetine (4.15%) in 2013. The corresponding figures for 2016 were 96.40% and 3.60%. Consumption of ADHD medication showed slight changes over the 4-year period. If only the private healthcare sector population is considered, consumption of methylphenidate was 6.010 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day in 2013, and 7.827 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day in 2016. A previous study (1994-1996) reported 0.12 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day for methylphenidate. Consumption of atomoxetine was 0.044 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day in 2013 and 0.050 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day in 2016. Conclusion Consumption showed an increase in use of methylphenidate in South Africa, with small changes observed over the study period. Further studies are required.

Indexed as

AdolescentAtomoxetine HydrochlorideAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCentral Nervous System StimulantsChildDatabases, FactualDrug UtilizationFemaleHealth Care SectorHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMethylphenidatePractice Patterns, Physicians'Private SectorSouth AfricaAtomoxetine HydrochlorideCentral Nervous System StimulantsMethylphenidateADHDAtomoxetineAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderDefined daily doseDrug utilizationMethylphenidateSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID31313002
OpenAlexW2957414329

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.