ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2020
Maternal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Maternal immune activation in mice recapitulates features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in susceptible offspring.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Association Between Maternal C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Levels and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Maternal Gestational Low-Grade Inflammation and the Risk of Anorexia Nervosa in Daughters.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Infectious diseases and childhood disruptive behavior disorders: a reappraisal.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Maternal infection - but not inflammation - is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms during childhood: a population-based cohort study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- A Hidden Mark of a Troubled Past: Neuroimaging and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Interactive Effects of Maternal Immune Activation and Adolescent THC Exposure Suggestive of Increased Neuropsychiatric Risk.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Evaluation of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in children with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Beneficial role of rosemary extract on oxidative stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis in rotenone-induced attention deficit hyperactivity disease in juvenile rat model.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2023Article
- C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A Potent Inflammation Biomarker in Psychiatric Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Maternal Infection during Pregnancy and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2022Review
- Risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring of mothers with infections during pregnancy.JCPP advances · 2022Article
- Primate Models as a Translational Tool for Understanding Prenatal Origins of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated With Maternal Infection.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2022Review
- Maternal levels of acute phase proteins in early pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorders in offspring.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Prenatal inflammation does not increase the risk for symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2021Article
- Maternal immune activation and neuroinflammation in human neurodevelopmental disorders.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2021Review
- COVID-19 and developmental origins of health and disease.Early human development · 2021Review
- Role of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Mast cell-mediated neuroinflammation may have a role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Review
- What Does Immunology Have to Do With Normal Brain Development and the Pathophysiology Underlying Tourette Syndrome and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders?Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Exposure to infection and inflammation during the fetal period are associated with offspring neuropsychiatric disorders. Few previous studies have examined this association with ADHD with mixed findings. This study aims to examine the association between early gestational maternal C-reactive protein (CRP), prospectively assayed in stored maternal sera and the risk of ADHD in offspring. This study is based on the Finnish Prenatal studies of ADHD (FIPS-ADHD) with a nested case-control design. It includes all singleton-born children in Finland between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 1999 and diagnosed with ADHD. A total of 1079 cases and equal number of controls were matched on date of birth, sex and place of birth. Maternal CRP levels were assessed using a latex immunoassay from archived maternal serum specimens, collected during the first and early second trimester of pregnancy. Elevated maternal CRP when analyzed as a continuous variable was not associated with offspring ADHD (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.96-1.15). No significant associations were seen in the highest quintile of CRP (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.88-1.58). The results were similar in both sexes as well as among ADHD cases with or without comorbid ASD or conduct disorder. In this first study examining CRP, a biomarker for inflammation, during early pregnancy in relation to offspring ADHD, we report no significant associations. The lack of any association, when considered with positive findings seen in ASD and schizophrenia, and negative findings in bipolar disorder suggests different pathways linking maternal immune activation and development of various neuropsychiatric disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.