ArticleInvestigational new drugs2020
Stimulation of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer cells by GHRH and its blockade by GHRH antagonists.
Article in Investigational new drugs, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The dual roles of exosomes in prostate cancer: mechanisms in tumorigenesis and avenues for clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- GHRH and reproductive systems: Mechanisms, functions, and clinical implications.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- GHRH and the prostate.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Article
- Clinical Significance of Extracellular Vesicles in Prostate and Renal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tumorigenic transformation of human prostatic epithelial cell line RWPE-1 by growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).The Prostate · 2022Article
- Advances in neuroendocrine prostate cancer research: From model construction to molecular network analyses.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2022Review
- Serum Exosomal lncRNA AC007099.1 Regulates the Expression of Neuropeptide-Related FAP, as a Potential Biomarker for Hepatocarcinogenesis.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Exosomal lncAY927529 enhances prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion through regulating bone microenvironment.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2021Article
- Review
- Effects of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition In the Lungs.Medicine in drug discovery · 2020Article
- P53 versus inflammation: an update.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men in developed countries. Neuroendocrine prostate cancer, in particular, is associated with an aggressive phenotype and a poor prognosis. Neuroendocrine cells produce and secrete peptide hormones and growth factors in a paracrine/autocrine manner which promote the progression of the disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles or exosomes are released by prostate cancer cells, supporting the spread of prostate cancer. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) on neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in the androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line LNCaP and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. GHRH induced an increase in the percentage of neurite-bearing cells and in the protein levels of Neuron-Specific Enolase. Both effects were blocked by the GHRH receptor antagonist MIA-690. In addition, pretreatment of these cells with the calcium chelator BAPTA, the EGFR inhibitor AG-1478 or the HER2 inhibitor AG-825 reduced the effect of GHRH, suggesting that the GHRH-induced stimulation of NED involves calcium channel activation and EGFR/HER2 transactivation. Finally, PC3-derived exosomes led to an increase in NED, cell proliferation and cell adhesion. Altogether, these findings suggest that GHRH antagonists should be considered for in the management of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
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