ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
New Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid: 2019 Update.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05984381 (Efficacy and Safety of add-on Dapsone Versus add-on Methotrexate in Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid), which is not on this map. Cited by 78 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of add-on Dapsone Versus add-on Methotrexate in Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lichen planus pemphigoides with predominant mucous membrane involvement: a series of 12 patients and a literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- New-onset or flare-up of bullous pemphigoid associated with COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review of case report and case series studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Serum Biomarkers in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Systematic Review.Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgeryPooled it
- Tissue Levels of MMP-9 and Granzyme B in Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid: A Case-Control Study.International journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Bullous Pemphigoid: A Focused Review on Antigen Epitopes.Experimental dermatology · 2026Review
- Distinctive Reactivity to the C-terminal Epitope of BP180 Characterizes Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-associated Bullous Pemphigoid, and an ELISA Based on the BP180 Ectodomain Enables Prompt Diagnosis in a Subset of Patients.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Transforming growth factor alpha promotes bullous pemphigoid pathogenesis by disrupting cell adhesion and inducing inflammation.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related arthritis and oral disorders: shared pathophysiology and clinical implications for rheumatology and oral health.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Combination therapy including dupilumab, omalizumab, and mycophenolate mofetil for refractory bullous pemphigoid.JAAD case reports · 2025Article
- Peptide Epitopes of NC16A BP180 in the Diagnostics of Bullous Pemphigoid.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibodies to Laminin β4 in Pemphigoid Diseases: Clinical-Laboratory Experience of a Single Central European Reference Centre.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Role of Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris: Evidence, Controversies, and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bullous Pemphigoid and Epidemiological Patterns in Northern Greece: Insights from an 8-Year Observational Study.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2025Article
- Single cell transcriptome profiling reveals pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Bullous pemphigoid induced by anti-IL-23 monoclonal antibody in a psoriatic patient: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Balancing the Treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma and Bullous Pemphigoid: A Therapeutic Challenge in a 63-Year-Old Male.Cureus · 2025Article
- Advanced Glycation End Products and Skin Autoimmune Disorders: Pathogenic Insights into Vitiligo, Bullous Pemphigoid, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Pathophysiology of Bullous Pemphigoid: Role of Type 2 Inflammation and Emerging Treatment Strategies (Narrative Review).Advances in therapy · 2024Review
- From Psychiatric Care to Dermatologic Dilemmas: A Case Report of Risperidone-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid.Cureus · 2024Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are several lines of evidence indicating that the physiopathological bases of bullous pemphigoid (BP), the most common subepidermal autoimmune bullous disease, are hallmarked by the production of autoantibodies directed against the hemidesmosomal anchoring proteins BP180 and BP230. In contrast to the robustness of the latter assumption, the multifaceted complexity of upstream and downstream mechanisms implied in the pathogenesis of BP remains an area of intense speculation. So far, an imbalance between T regulatory cells and autoreactive T helper (Th) cells has been regarded as the main pathogenic factor triggering the autoimmune response in BP patients. However, the contributory role of signaling pathways fostering the B cell stimulation, such as Toll-like receptor activation, as well as that of ancillary inflammatory mechanisms responsible for blister formation, such as Th17 axis stimulation and the activation of the coagulation cascade, are still a matter of debate. In the same way, the pathomechanisms implied in the loss of dermal-epidermal adhesion secondary to autoantibodies binding are not fully understood. Herein, we review in detail the current concepts and controversies on the complex pathogenesis of BP, shedding light on the most recent theories emerging from the literature.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.