Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31312071›Full record

ArticleApplied physics letters2019

Dual-polarization analog optical phase conjugation for focusing light through scattering media.

Zhongtao Cheng, Jiamiao Yang, Lihong V Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Applied physics letters, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Zhongtao ChengCaltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-2873
Jiamiao YangCaltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-8411
Lihong V WangCaltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-4383

Funding

IN VIVO IMAGING OF SINGLE CIRCULATING CELLSR01CA186567 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI WANG, LIHONG · 2013 to 2017
$3.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA186567
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Focusing light through or inside scattering media by the analog optical phase conjugation (AOPC) technique based on photorefractive crystals (PRCs) has been intensively investigated due to its high controlled degrees of freedom and short response time. However, the existing AOPC systems only phase-conjugate the scattered light in one polarization direction, while the polarization state of light scattered through a thick scattering medium is spatially random in general, which means that half of the scattering information is lost. Here, we propose dual-polarization AOPC for focusing light through scattering media to improve the efficiency and fidelity in the phase conjugation. The motivations of the dual-polarization AOPC are illustrated by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and then an experimental system is established to realize the dual-polarization AOPC. By separating and rotating the two orthogonal polarization components of the randomly polarized scattered light, light in all polarization states is recorded and phase-conjugated using the same PRC. Experimental results for focusing through a thick biological tissue show that the intensity of the time-reversed focus from the dual-polarization AOPC can be enhanced by a factor of approximate four compared with the existing single-polarization AOPC.

Identifiers

PMID31312071
PMCPMC6565428

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.