ArticleMicrobiome2019
Pregnancy and lactation interfere with the response of autoimmunity to modulation of gut microbiota.
Article in Microbiome, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbial dysbiosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a scientometric study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal Metformin Exposure Induces Gut Microbial Shifts in Non-Diabetic Dams and Sex-Stratified Changes in Mouse Offspring.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Disrupting intestinal cell pyroptosis-NETs crosstalk reverse mucosal damage and restore Treg/Th17 equilibrium in ulcerative colitis via a calcium pectate microsphere composite hydrogel.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- A Review of Gut Microbiota Dynamics: From Healthy Gestation to Gestational Diabetes in Human and Mouse Models.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Maternal factors contributing to variability in gut microbiota and gastrointestinal function in autism spectrum disorders.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Pharmacological insights into gut microbiota modulation in systemic lupus erythematosus: Mechanisms, treatment strategies, and clinical implications.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Review
- Multiomics reveals metformin's dual role in gut microbiome remodeling and hepatic metabolic reprogramming for MAFLD intervention.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Complex Role of Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: From Pathogenetic Factor to Therapeutic Target.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- No microorganism was detected in amniotic fluid of healthy pregnancies from the second trimester to the delivery.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Article
- Possible Role of Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in SLE.Current rheumatology reports · 2023Review
- Probiotics as a complementary treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review.Health science reports · 2023Article
- CXInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Article
- Intestinal homeostasis in the gut-lung-kidney axis: a prospective therapeutic target in immune-related chronic kidney diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Recent advances in systemic lupus erythematosus and microbiota: from bench to bedside.Frontiers of medicine · 2022Review
- Gut Barrier Damage and Gut Translocation of Pathogen Molecules in Lupus, an Impact of Innate Immunity (Macrophages and Neutrophils) in Autoimmune Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Phenotypic Drift in Lupus-Prone MRL/lpr Mice: Potential Roles of MicroRNAs and Gut Microbiota.ImmunoHorizons · 2022Article
- Article
- Gut Microbiota in Lupus: a Butterfly Effect?Current rheumatology reports · 2021Review
- Bacterial infections in lupus: Roles in promoting immune activation and in pathogenesis of the disease.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDysbiosis of gut microbiota exists in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). Lupus patients who experienced pregnancy usually had more severe disease flares post-delivery. However, the possible role of gut microbiota in the link between pregnancy and exacerbation of lupus remains to be explored.
resultsIn the classical lupus mouse model MRL/lpr, we compared the structures of gut microbiota in pregnant and lactating individuals vs. age-matched naïve mice. Consistent with studies on non-lupus mice, both pregnancy and lactation significantly changed the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. Strikingly, modulation of gut microbiota using the same strategy resulted in different disease outcomes in postpartum (abbreviated as "PP," meaning that the mice had undergone pregnancy and lactation) vs. control (naïve; i.e., without pregnancy or lactation) MRL/lpr females; while vancomycin treatment attenuated lupus in naïve mice, it did not do so, or even exacerbated lupus, in PP mice. Lactobacillus animalis flourished in the gut upon vancomycin treatment, and direct administration of L. animalis via oral gavage recapitulated the differential effects of vancomycin in PP vs. control mice. An enzyme called indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase was significantly inhibited by L. animalis; however, this inhibition was only apparent in PP mice, which explained, at least partially, the lack of beneficial response to vancomycin in these mice. The differential production of immunosuppressive IL-10 and proinflammatory IFNγ in PP vs. control mice further explained why the disease phenotypes varied between the two types of mice bearing the same gut microbiota remodeling strategy.
conclusionsThese results suggest that pregnancy and lactation interfere with the response of autoimmunity to modulation of gut microbiota. Further studies are necessary to better understand the complex relationship between pregnancy and lupus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.