ArticleNeuroImage2019
Spoken language proficiency predicts print-speech convergence in beginning readers.
Article in NeuroImage, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Experience-dependent cortical plasticity in response to formal schooling: Effects on networks for reading and mathematics.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Spoken language delay in toddlerhood predicts late childhood language outcomes in dyslexia: evidence from retrospective parent-report.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Functional Connectivity Fingerprints of Emerging Reading Skill in the First Months of Schooling.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of brain development from infancy to school age and their relationship with literacy development.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of brain development from infancy to school age and their relationship to literacy development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The neural characteristics influencing literacy outcome in children with cochlear implants.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Lexical Morphology as a Source of Risk and Resilience for Learning to Read With Dyslexia: An fNIRS Investigation.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2024Article
- Brain bases of morphological awareness and longitudinal word reading outcomes.Journal of experimental child psychology · 2024Article
- Will you read how I will read? Naturalistic fMRI predictors of emergent reading.Neuropsychologia · 2024Article
- Language combinations of multilinguals are reflected in their first-language knowledge and processing.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Beyond the Visual Word Form Area - a cognitive characterization of the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
- The neurocognitive basis of morphological processing in typical and impaired readers.Annals of dyslexia · 2022Article
- Real-World Visual Experience Alters Baseline Brain Activity in the Resting State: A Longitudinal Study Using Expertise Model of Radiologists.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Neural processing of vision and language in kindergarten is associated with prereading skills and predicts future literacy.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- Decoding the role of the cerebellum in the early stages of reading acquisition.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2021Article
- Neural patterns of word processing differ in children with dyslexia and isolated spelling deficit.Brain structure & function · 2021Article
- Tracking second language immersion across time: Evidence from a bi-directional longitudinal cross-linguistic fMRI study.Neuropsychologia · 2021Article
- Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development-a review of longitudinal studies.NPJ science of learning · 2021Review
- Developmental Trajectories of Letter and Speech Sound Integration During Reading Acquisition.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Learning to read transforms the brain, building on children's existing capacities for language and visuospatial processing. In particular, the development of print-speech convergence, or the spatial overlap of neural regions necessary for both auditory and visual language processing, is critical for literacy acquisition. Print-speech convergence is a universal signature of proficient reading, yet the antecedents of this convergence remain unknown. Here we examine the relationship between spoken language proficiency and the emergence of the print-speech network in beginning readers (ages 5-6). Results demonstrate that children's language proficiency, but not their early literacy skill, explains variance in their print-speech neural convergence in kindergarten. Furthermore, print-speech convergence in kindergarten predicts reading abilities one year later. These findings suggest that children's language ability is a core mechanism guiding the neural plasticity for learning to read, and extend theoretical perspectives on language and literacy acquisition across the lifespan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.