ReviewSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2020
Beneficial effects of estrogens in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.
Review in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship Between Cardiac Syndrome X and Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Effects of Sleep Apnea Treatment on Myocardial Ischemia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- LncRNA XIST: A Breakthrough in Inflammation-related Diseases.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a pilot study.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Association between overnight repetitive respiratory events and the accumulation of genioglossus fatigue in male patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Female obesity: clinical and psychological assessment toward the best treatment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Chemoreflex sensitization occurs in both male and female rats during recovery from acute lung injury.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Urinary Epinephrine Sulfate Can Predict Cardiovascular Risk in Moderate-to-Severe OSA: A Metabolomics-Based Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Article
- Sleep apnea syndrome associated with gonadal hormone imbalance (Review).Biomedical reports · 2023Review
- Prevalence of primary aldosteronism in patients with concomitant hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea, baseline data of a cohort.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Screening for sleep apnoea risk in testosterone-treated transgender men.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Female sex hormones and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea in European women of a population-based cohort.PloS one · 2022Article
- Gender Issues in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2021Review
- LncRNA XIST promotes inflammation by downregulating GRα expression in the adenoids of children with OSAHS.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- miR-126a-3p targets HIF-1α and alleviates obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with hypertension.Human cell · 2020Article
- On Not Knowing What We Don't Know to Knowing What We Don't Know: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Transgender Community.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showing the higher frequency of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in men, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and in post-menopausal women suggest the beneficial role of estrogen. These findings are well supported by the pre-clinical studies (ten research studies described in this review) showing that estrogen and phytoestrogens attenuate the deleterious effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia (obstructive apnea in animals) on the genioglossal muscles and on other organs (co-morbidities) in ovariectomized rodents. Moreover, clinical studies (four research studies described in this review) have also shown the beneficial role of estrogen therapy on the parameters of obstructive apnea in post-menopausal women. The beneficial effects of estrogen and phytoestrogens on obstructive sleep apnea and its co morbidities have been attributed to increase in thioredoxin, Nrf-2, activation of p38 MAP kinases, inhibition of vagal C fibers, and attenuation of HIF-1α. It is possible that estrogen-mediated activation of p38 MAP kinase may inhibit HIF-1α to attenuate lung inflammation, which may inhibit the activation of vagal C fibers to attenuate bronchoconstriction and prevent obstruction during sleep. Moreover, estrogen-mediated increase in thioredoxin and Nrf-2 may also contribute in increasing antioxidant defense and attenuating inflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.