ArticleInternational journal of colorectal disease2019
G12V and G12C mutations in the gene KRAS are associated with a poorer prognosis in primary colorectal cancer.
Article in International journal of colorectal disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of KRAS G12C Mutation and Co-mutations and Associated Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review.The oncologist · 2023Pooled it
- Improving selection of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to benefit from cetuximab based on KIR genotypes.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- The impact of K-Ras Gly12 mutants on homeostasis and tumorigenesis in the colonic epithelium.Oncogene · 2026Article
- KRASScience advances · 2026Article
- Beyond colonoscopy, faecal DNA mutation screening provides a potential and viable path to early colorectal cancer detection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- PYNNACLE phase II clinical trial protocol: rezatapopt (PC14586) monotherapy in advanced or metastatic solid tumors with aFuture oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Novel paradigms in KRAS targeting: Unveiling strategies to combat drug resistance.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Article
- Analysis of the immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer with different KRAS gene subtypes.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- The emerging role of Sotorasib plus Panitumumab combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review of RAS Mutations in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Association of G12D mutation in the KRAS gene with HPV and EBV in gastrointestinal cancer tissues.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Article
- KRAS Mutation Subtypes and Their Association with Other Driver Mutations in Oncogenic Pathways.Cells · 2024Review
- Predicting prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with curative resection using albumin, lymphocyte count and RAS mutations.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Correlation Between DCAMKL-1 Protein Expression and K-ras Gene Mutation in Colorectal Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2024Article
- Leveraging a KRAS-based signature to predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity of colon cancer and identifying SPINK4 as a new biomarker.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Synergistic effect of antagonists to KRas4B/PDE6 molecular complex in pancreatic cancer.Life science alliance · 2023Article
- Ceramide synthase CERS4 gene downregulation is associated with KRAS mutation in colorectal cancer.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Different oncological features of colorectal cancer codon-specificWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2023Observational
- Clinical significance of theOncology letters · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has necessitated the development of novel prognostic and predictive factors from which new diagnostic tests could evolve. Evidence suggests the KRAS gene represents such a factor; its mutations are considered to be early indicators of CRC progression. This study assessed the prognostic impact of specific known KRAS codon 12/13 mutations on survival in patients with CRC.
methodsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks or sections from primary were obtained from patients registered between 2014 and 2016 for genomic DNA extraction. KRAS gene was analyzed by direct sequencing or Luminex assay. The primary endpoint was the frequency of KRAS gene mutations and the secondary endpoints were differences in KRAS mutation rates by various stratification factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate relationships between KRAS mutation rates and patient background factors.
resultsSequencing of 200 CRC primary tumor samples demonstrated 74 (37.5%) with KRAS mutations in codons 12 (77%; 57/74) and 13 (23%; 17/74), all of which were TNM stages I-III. Tumors with KRAS mutations were more frequently located in the right side of the colon. Multivariate analysis indicated that G12V or G12C mutations were associated with poor prognosis [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.77, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.54-8.39 and HR = 6.57; 95% CI, 1.90-17.7, respectively] in terms of recurrence-free survival.
conclusionKRAS codon 12G-to-V or G-to-C mutations are independent prognostic factors in patients with stage I-III CRC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.