ArticleDevelopmental and comparative immunology2019
Induction of IL-22 protein and IL-22-producing cells in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Article in Developmental and comparative immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- β-Glucan pretreatment activates lectin pathway to maintain the function of intestinal Th17 cells for infectious enteritis protection.Zoological research · 2025Article
- Interleukin-22 functions to alleviate hypoxia-induced intestinal inflammation by modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory factors inZoological research · 2025Article
- Article
- Catch of the Day: New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids.Cells · 2023Article
- Interleukin-22 Deficiency Contributes to Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Inflammation in Japanese Medaka,Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The Atlantic Salmon Gill Transcriptome Response in a Natural Outbreak of Salmon Gill Pox Virus Infection Reveals New Biomarkers of Gill Pathology and Suppression of Mucosal Defense.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Characterization of IL-22 Bioactivity and IL-22-Positive Cells in Grass CarpFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
IL-22 is a critical cytokine which is involved in modulating tissue responses during inflammation, and is produced mainly by T cells and innate leucocytes. In mammals, IL-22 is a key component in mucosal defences, tissue repair, epithelial cell survival and proliferation. In teleosts, IL-22 has been cloned and studied in several species, and the transcript is highly expressed in mucosal tissues and induced by pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), suggesting IL-22 also functions as an important component of the innate immune response in fish. To investigate these immune responses further, we have validated and characterised two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which were raised against two different peptide immunogens of salmonid IL-22. Our results show that both mAbs specifically react to their own peptide immunogens and recombinant IL-22, and are able to detect the induction of native protein expression after stimulation. In flow cytometry, an increase in IL-22 positive cells was detected after stimulation in vitro with cytokines and PAMPs and in vivo after bacterial challenge. The immunohistochemistry results showed that IL-22 is highly upregulated in the gills after challenge, both in cells within the gill filaments and in the interbranchial lymphoid tissue. Such results suggest IL-22 may have a role in triggering local antimicrobial defences in fish that may facilitate efficient microbial clearance. Hence monitoring IL-22 producing cells/protein secretion may provide an alternative mean to assess the effectiveness of mucosal vaccines.
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