ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2019
Measuring Effects of Nondrug Interventions on Behaviors: Music & Memory Pilot Study.
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of music therapy as a non-pharmacological measure to support alzheimer's disease patients: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of a music-based care intervention on neuropsychiatric symptoms: secondary analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled study in nursing home residents with dementia and pain.BMC geriatrics · 2026Trial
- Moderators of Adherence Within a Nursing Home Pragmatic Trial of Personalized Music.The Gerontologist · 2025Trial
- Feasibility of Implementing the Individualized Positive Psychosocial Interaction (IPPI) Program in an Embedded Pragmatic Clinical Trial.Clinical gerontologistTrial
- Alignment of Minimum Data Set 3.0 Ratings With Staff Care Partner Reports of Symptoms of Distress for Nursing Home Residents.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- RadioMe: an automated home-based radio, music playlist, and diary reminder system: Report on recruitment, music compilation, and listening, and preliminary testing of heart rate activated music.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Music Engagement as Part of Everyday Life in Dementia Caregiving Relationships at Home.The Gerontologist · 2024Article
- Identifying Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia using home health OASIS assessments.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
- NIH Music-Based Intervention Toolkit: Music-Based Interventions for Brain Disorders of Aging.Neurology · 2023Article
- Training independent observers to identify behavioral symptoms in nursing home residents with dementia using the agitated behavior mapping instrument.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
- Developing a music-based digital therapeutic to help manage the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia.Frontiers in digital health · 2023Article
- Article
- Research Hotspots and Trends in Music Therapy Intervention for Patients With Dementia: A Bibliometrics and Visual Analysis of Papers Published From 2010 to 2021.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Article
- Using Healthcare Data in Embedded Pragmatic Clinical Trials among People Living with Dementia and Their Caregivers: State of the Art.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2020Article
- Site-level factors affecting nursing home implementation of a personalized music intervention: Qualitative analyses from Music & Memory: A Pragmatic Trial for Nursing Home Residents with Alzheimer's Disease (METRIcAL).Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesMost people with Alzheimer disease and related dementias will experience agitated and/or aggressive behaviors during the later stages of the disease. These behaviors cause significant stress for people living with dementia and their caregivers, including nursing home (NH) staff. Addressing these behaviors without the use of chemical restraints is a growing focus of policy makers and professional organizations. Unfortunately, evidence for nonpharmacological strategies for addressing dementia-related behaviors is lacking.
designSix-month, preintervention-postintervention pilot study.
settingUS NHs (n = 4).
participantsResidents with advanced dementia (n = 45).
interventionMusic & Memory, an individualized music program in which the music a resident preferred when she/he was young is delivered at early signs of agitation, using a personal music player. MEASUREMENTS: Dementia-related behaviors for the same residents were measured three ways: (1) observationally using the Agitation Behavior Mapping Instrument (ABMI); (2) staff report using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI); and (3) administratively using the Minimum Data Set-Aggressive Behavior Scale (MDS-ABS).
resultsABMI score was 4.1 (SD = 3.0) preintervention while not listening to the music, 4.4 (SD = 2.3) postintervention while not listening to the music, and 1.6 (SD = 1.5) postintervention while listening to music (P < .01). CMAI score was 61.2 (SD = 16.3) preintervention and 51.2 (SD = 16.1) postintervention (P < .01). MDS-ABS score was 0.8 (SD = 1.6) preintervention and 0.7 (SD = 1.4) postintervention (P = .59).
conclusionDirect observations were most likely to capture behavioral responses, followed by staff interviews. Nursing-home based, pragmatic trials that rely solely on available administrative data may fail to detect effects of nonpharmaceutical interventions on behaviors. Findings are relevant to evaluations of nonpharmaceutical strategies for addressing behaviors in NHs, and will inform a large, National Institute on Aging-funded pragmatic trial beginning spring 2019. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2134-2138, 2019.
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