SynthesisAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2019
Effects of Dietary Protein Quantity on Bone Quantity following Weight Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07094568 (Comparative Investigation of Changes in Body Composition and Bone Turnover Markers in People With Obesity After Treatment With Tirzepatide Versus Liraglutide. A Prospective Cohort Study.), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparative Investigation of Changes in Body Composition and Bone Turnover Markers in People With Obesity After Treatment With Tirzepatide Versus Liraglutide. A Prospective Cohort Study.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Protein intake and bone health: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of protein supplementation on hip bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in older adult participants during a caloric restriction and aerobic exercise weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled trial.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Trial
- Bone Health Following Lifestyle-Induced Weight Loss in Individuals With Overweight/Obesity: A Narrative Review.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Review
- Evolution of multidisciplinary obesity treatments: past, present, and future role of nutrition.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Review
- Chronicity of obesity and the importance of early treatment to reduce cardiometabolic risk and improve body composition.Obesity pillars · 2025Review
- Association between dietary protein intake and bone mineral density based on NHANES 2011-2018.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of Dietary Protein on Osteoporosis Development.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Article
- Effect of increased protein intake and exogenous ketosis on body composition, energy expenditure and exercise capacity during a hypocaloric diet in recreational female athletes.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Research supports the hypothesis that higher total protein intake during weight loss promotes retention of lean soft tissue, but the effect of dietary protein quantity on bone mass, a lean hard tissue, is inconsistent. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effect of dietary protein quantity [higher protein (HP): ≥25% of energy from protein or ≥1.0 g · kg body wt-1 · d-1; normal protein (NP): <25% of energy from protein or <1.0 g · kg body wt-1 · d-1] on changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC; total body, lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck) following a prescribed energy restriction. We hypothesized that an HP diet would attenuate the loss of BMD/BMC following weight loss in comparison to an NP diet. Two researchers systematically and independently screened 2366 publications from PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection and extracted data from 34 qualified publications. Inclusion criteria included the following: 1) healthy subjects ≥19 y; 2) a prescribed energy restriction; 3) measurements of total protein intake, BMD, and BMC; and 4) an intervention duration of ≥3 mo. Data from 10 of the 34 publications with 2 groups of different total protein intakes were extracted and used to conduct a random-effects model meta-analysis. A majority of publications (59%) showed a decrease in bone quantity following active weight loss, regardless of total protein intake. Statistically, the loss of total BMD (P = 0.016; weighted mean difference: +0.006 g/cm2; 95% CI: 0, 0.011 g/cm2) and lumbar spine BMD (P = 0.019; weighted mean difference: +0.017 g/cm2; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.033 g/cm2) was attenuated with an HP versus an NP weight-loss diet. However, the clinical significance is questionable given the modest weighted mean difference and study duration. Higher total protein intake does not exacerbate but may attenuate the loss of bone quantity following weight loss.
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