ReviewNeuro-oncology2019
Risk factors for childhood and adult primary brain tumors.
Review in Neuro-oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 300 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between allergy and risk of brain tumors: Evidence from 40 observational studies.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Pooled it
- Antidepressant drugs and risk of developing glioma: a national registry-based case-control study and a meta-analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- SEOM-GEINO clinical guidelines for grade 2 gliomas (2023).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Guideline
- Ethnicity in neuro-oncology research: How are we doing and how can we do better?Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 4069 children with glioma identifies 9p21.3 risk locus.Neuro-oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Determinants of delayed childhood cancer care in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Risk factor analysis and nomogram establishment and verification of brain astrocytoma patients based on SEER database.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Article
- Global Burden and Temporal Trends of Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Cancer innovation · 2026Article
- Association of Daily Alcohol Consumption and Drinking Patterns with Risk of Primary Malignant Brain Tumor in Korean Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Article
- Investigation of the effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on brain volume in cancer patients: brain tumor study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- BrainView: A cloud-based deep learning system for brain image segmentation, tumor detection and visualization.Biomedical journal · 2026Article
- A chromosome region linked to neurodevelopmental disorders influences locomotor behavior through sex-specific neural circuits.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Unconventional guardians of the brain: MAIT cells as emerging players in glioblastoma immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- FOLR1 Regulates the Malignant Progression of Glioblastoma through the SRC/ERK1/2 Axis.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Article
- Childhood cancer care in Northern Tanzania: hospital infrastructure and provision of services.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Glioblastoma in adults: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) and European Society of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) consensus review on current management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- Global burden of brain and central nervous system cancer in 185 countries, and projections up to 2050: a population-based systematic analysis of GLOBOCAN 2022.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national childhood brain and central nervous system cancer burden: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Systematic decoding of functional enhancer connectomes and risk variants in human glioma.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Primary brain tumors account for ~1% of new cancer cases and ~2% of cancer deaths in the United States; however, they are the most commonly occurring solid tumors in children. These tumors are very heterogeneous and can be broadly classified into malignant and benign (or non-malignant), and specific histologies vary in frequency by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Epidemiological studies have explored numerous potential risk factors, and thus far the only validated associations for brain tumors are ionizing radiation (which increases risk in both adults and children) and history of allergies (which decreases risk in adults). Studies of genetic risk factors have identified 32 germline variants associated with increased risk for these tumors in adults (25 in glioma, 2 in meningioma, 3 in pituitary adenoma, and 2 in primary CNS lymphoma), and further studies are currently under way for other histologic subtypes, as well as for various childhood brain tumors. While identifying risk factors for these tumors is difficult due to their rarity, many existing datasets can be leveraged for future discoveries in multi-institutional collaborations. Many institutions are continuing to develop large clinical databases including pre-diagnostic risk factor data, and developments in molecular characterization of tumor subtypes continue to allow for investigation of more refined phenotypes. Key Point 1. Brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors that vary significantly in incidence by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.2. The only well-validated risk factors for brain tumors are ionizing radiation (which increases risk in adults and children) and history of allergies (which decreases risk).3. Genome-wide association studies have identified 32 histology-specific inherited genetic variants associated with increased risk of these tumors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.