ArticleJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2019
Complexity based measures of postural stability provide novel evidence of functional decline in fragile X premutation carriers.
Article in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Children With Fragile X Syndrome Display a Switch Towards Fast Fibres in Their Recruitment Strategy During Gait.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
- Two-year follow-up of gait and postural control following initiation of recombinant human tripeptidyl intracerebroventricular enzyme replacement therapy in two atypical CLN2 patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of balance and gait deficits inFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases with a refined Lempel-Ziv complexity.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2024Article
- Atypical vocal quality in women with the FMR1 premutation: an indicator of impaired sensorimotor control.Experimental brain research · 2023Article
- Adaptation strategies and neurophysiological response in early-stage Parkinson's disease: BioVRSea approach.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Reduced System Complexity of Heart Rate Dynamics in Patients with Hyperthyroidism: A Multiscale Entropy Analysis.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Optimal time lags from causal prediction model help stratify and forecast nervous system pathology.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Relationships between motor scores and cognitive functioning in FMR1 female premutation X carriers indicate early involvement of cerebello-cerebral pathways.Cerebellum & ataxias · 2021Article
- Delineating the Relationships Between Motor, Cognitive-Executive and Psychiatric Symptoms in FemaleFrontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Differential Progression of Motor Dysfunction Between Male and Female Fragile X Premutation Carriers Reveals Novel Aspects of Sex-Specific Neural Involvement.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2020Article
- Cerebellar-cortical function and connectivity during sensorimotor behavior in aging FMR1 gene premutation carriers.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFragile X Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by tremor, ataxic gait, and balance issues resulting from a premutation of the Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. No biomarkers have yet been identified to allow early diagnosis of FXTAS, however, recent studies have reported subtle issues in the stability of younger premutation carriers, before disease onset. This study investigates the efficacy of multiscale entropy analysis (MSE) in detecting early changes in the motor system of premutation carriers without FXTAS.
methodsSway complexity of 12 female Premutation carriers and 15 healthy Controls were measured under four conditions: eyes open, closed, and two dual-task conditions. A Sustained Attention Response Task (SART) and a working memory based N-Back task were employed to increase cognitive load while standing on the forceplate. A Complexity Index (Ci) was calculated for anterior-posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) sway. Independent t-tests were used to assess between-group differences and Oneway repeated measures ANOVA were used to assess within group differences with Bonferroni corrections to adjust for multiple comparisons.
resultsGroup performances were comparable with eyes open and closed conditions. The Carrier group's Ci was consistent across tasks and conditions while the Control group's AP Ci increased significantly during the cognitive dual-task (p = 0.001). There was also a strong correlation between CGG repeat length and complexity for the Carrier group (p = 0.004). SIGNIFICANCE: Increased sway complexity is believed to stem from reallocation of attention to facilitate the increased cognitive demands of dual-tasks. Carriers' complexity did not change during dual-tasks, possibly indicating capacity interference and inefficient division of attention. Lower sway complexity in carriers suggests diminished adaptive capacity under stress as well as degradation of motor functioning. Therefore, sway complexity may be a useful tool in identifying early functional decline in FMR1 premutation carriers as well as monitoring progression towards disease onset.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.