ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Outcomes of Immunocompromised Adults Hospitalized With Laboratory-confirmed Influenza in the United States, 2011-2015.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneity in and correlation between host transmissibility and susceptibility can greatly impact epidemic dynamics.Journal of theoretical biology · 2025Pooled it
- Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of VIR-2482 in Healthy Adults for Prevention of Influenza A Illness (PENINSULA).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Immunogenicity of High-Dose Versus MF59-Adjuvanted Versus Standard Influenza Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The Swiss/Spanish Trial in Solid Organ Transplantation on Prevention of Influenza (STOP-FLU Trial).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- A Retrospective Test-Negative Case-Control Study to Evaluate Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Hospitalizations in Children.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Safety of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines in children and adolescents with immunocompromised or autoimmune conditions: Findings from the Canadian National Vaccine Safety (CANVAS) network.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Influenza Vaccines for Persons Who Are Immunocompromised: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Post-COVID-19 Burden of Severe Influenza in England Among Overall Population and High-Risk Groups: Results From the INFORM Study, 2022-2023.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- PD-L1 is an intrinsic switch for natural killer cell-mediated, TRAIL-dependent antiviral function.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Outcomes of immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients in the ICU diverge late in the pandemic.PloS one · 2026Article
- Influenza strains in focus: global approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and control of H1N1, H3N2, H7N9, and H9N2.Pathogens and global health · 2025Review
- Heterogeneity in and correlation between host transmissibility and susceptibility can greatly impact epidemic dynamics.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The effect of immunosuppression on outcomes in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- How Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Are Redefining Immunity to Influenza.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review of Key Risk Factors for Severe Illness Following SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Seasonal Patterns of Common Respiratory Viral Infections in Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Contribution of immunoglobulin products in influencing seasonal influenza infection and severity in antibody immune deficiency patients receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Phylogenetic analysis of HA and NA genes of influenza A viruses in immunosuppressed inpatients in Beijing during the 2018-2020 influenza seasons.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Flu Vaccine Uptake in Caregivers and Noncaregivers: Implications for Policy and Practice.Preventing chronic disease · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of immunocompromised patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia: A single-center retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 15 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHospitalized immunocompromised (IC) adults with influenza may have worse outcomes than hospitalized non-IC adults.
methodsWe identified adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza during 2011-2015 seasons through CDC's Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network. IC patients had human immunodefiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, cancer, stem cell or organ transplantation, nonsteroid immunosuppressive therapy, immunoglobulin deficiency, asplenia, and/or other rare conditions. We compared demographic and clinical characteristics of IC and non-IC adults using descriptive statistics. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models controlled for confounding by patient demographic characteristics, pre-existing medical conditions, influenza vaccination, and other factors.
resultsAmong 35 348 adults, 3633 (10%) were IC; cancer (44%), nonsteroid immunosuppressive therapy (44%), and HIV (18%) were most common. IC patients were more likely than non-IC patients to have received influenza vaccination (53% vs 46%; P < .001), and ~85% of both groups received antivirals. In multivariable analysis, IC adults had higher mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-1.76). Intensive care was more likely among IC patients 65-79 years (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.06-1.48) and those >80 years (aOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06-1.73) compared with non-IC patients in those age groups. IC patients were hospitalized longer (adjusted hazard ratio of discharge, 0.86; 95% CI, .83-.88) and more likely to require mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.36).
conclusionsSubstantial morbidity and mortality occurred among IC adults hospitalized with influenza. Influenza vaccination and antiviral administration could be increased in both IC and non-IC adults.
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