ArticleAIDS care2020
Barriers and facilitators to linkage to care and ART initiation in the setting of high ART coverage in Botswana.
Article in AIDS care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01965470 (Botswana Combination Prevention Project), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Botswana Combination Prevention Project: -Evaluation Protocol (Protocol #1): Research Design and Impact Evaluation -Closed Clinical Cohort Protocol (Protocol #3) Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation of Combination HIV Prevention Interventions in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Botswana's 95-95-95 Achievement: Pathways to HIV Epidemic Control.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Universal "Test and Treat" for HIV Had Little Effect on Outcomes, but Missed Clinic Visits Threaten Success of Botswana's National Antiretroviral Treatment Program.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
- A Socio-Ecological Perspective on Linkage to HIV Care in Bandung, Indonesia: A Qualitative Study to Explore Barriers and Facilitators.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Lived experiences of adults living With HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy at werabe comprehensive specialized hospital in Silte zone, Ethiopia.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- "It's Better If I Die Because Even in the Hospital, There is a Stigma, People Still Gossip": Gossip as a Culturally Shaped Labeling Process and Its Implications for HIV-Related Stigma in Botswana.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Identity management in the face of HIV and intersecting stigmas: A metasynthesis of qualitative reports from sub-Saharan Africa.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Near-universal same-day linkage to ART care among newly diagnosed adults living with HIV: A cross-sectional study from primary health facilities, in urban Malawi.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Perceptions toward antiretroviral therapy and delayed ART initiation among people living with HIV in Changsha, China: mediating effects of treatment willingness.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Perspectives of people living with HIV on barriers to timely ART initiation following referral for antiretroviral therapy: A qualitative study at an urban HIV clinic in Kampala, Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Stigma in the health clinic and implications for PrEP access and use by adolescent girls and young women: conflicting perspectives in South Africa.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Experiences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Among HIV-Positive Adults in Ethiopia: A Descriptive Phenomenological Design.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Causal Structural Learning on MPHIA Individual Dataset.Journal of the American Statistical Association · 2022Article
- Perspectives on linkage to care for patients diagnosed with HIV: A qualitative study at a rural health center in South Western Uganda.PloS one · 2022Article
- Long-Distance Travel for HIV-Related Care-Burden or Choice?: A Mixed Methods Study in Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- HIV Infection: Time from Diagnosis to Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Portugal, a Multicentric Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Implementation of Universal HIV Testing and Treatment to Reduce HIV Incidence in Botswana: the Ya Tsie Study.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- Integrating and Interpreting Findings from the Latest Treatment as Prevention Trials.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- Barriers and Facilitators of Same-Day Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Among People Newly Diagnosed with HIV in Ethiopia: Qualitative Study Using the Transtheoretical Model of Behavioral Change.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups and in-depth interviews to explore barriers to and facilitators of linkage-to-care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation in Botswana. Participants were selected from communities receiving interventions through the Ya Tsie Study. Fifteen healthcare providers and 49 HIV-positive individuals participated. HIV-positive participants identified barriers including stigma, discrimination and overcrowded clinics, and negative staff attitudes; personal factors, such as a lack of acceptance of one's HIV status, non-disclosure, and gender differences; along with lack of social/family support, and certain religious beliefs. Healthcare providers cited delayed test results, poverty, and transport difficulties as additional barriers. Major facilitators were support from healthcare providers, including home visits, social support, and knowing the benefits of ART. Participants were highly supportive of universal ART as a personal health measure. Our results highlighted a persistent structural health facility barrier: HIV-positive patients expressed strong discontent with HIV care/treatment being delivered differently than routine healthcare, feeling inconvenienced and stigmatized by separately designated locations and days of service. This barrier was particularly problematic for highly mobile persons. Addressing this structural barrier, which persists even in the context of high ART uptake, could bring gains in willingness to initiate ART and improved adherence in Botswana and elsewhere.
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