ArticleSSM - population health2019
Child health and unhealthy sanitary practices in India: Evidence from Recent Round of National Family Health Survey-IV.
Article in SSM - population health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mapping spatial inequality: unsafe child feces disposal practices across 707 districts in India.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Effects of Community Health Improvement Process on Sanitary Latrine Usage in a Rural Village of Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2025Article
- Decomposing social groups differential in stunting among children under five in India using nationally representative sample data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Toilet construction under the Swachh Bharat Mission and infant mortality in India.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Examining toilet use and menstrual hygiene practices among beneficiary households of Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan (Clean India Mission) in rural areas of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- A Methodology for Integrating Population Health Surveys Using Spatial Statistics and Visualizations for Cross-Sectional Analysis.SN computer science · 2023Article
- Household sanitation access and risk for non-marital sexual violence among a nationally representative sample of women in India, 2015-16.SSM - population health · 2021Article
- Achievements and challenges of India's sanitation campaign under clean India mission: A commentary.Journal of education and health promotion · 2021Review
- Disparity in childhood stunting in India: Relative importance of community-level nutrition and sanitary practices.PloS one · 2020Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesDespite threefold increase in investment (from Rs. 28,500 million to Rs. 90,000 million during 2014-17) in the allocation of funds for the Clean India movement, creating awareness and various social movements, more than half of the rural population (52.1%) of the country still defecates in the open. This study aims to examine the prevalence of improved sanitation facilities and safe stool disposal in India and its states. It also aims to further establish inter-linkages between safe stool disposal and child health. STUDY
designThe present study uses data from the fourth round of the recently conducted cross-sectional National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4, 2015-16).
methodsTwo proxy indicators used to assess the effect on child health are: stunting and mortality of children under the age of five years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of improved sanitation facilities and safe stool disposal on child health measured by height-for-age as a dichotomous variable. Multivariate discrete-time logistic model was used to examine the impact of improved sanitation facilities and safe stool disposal on under-five child deaths.
resultsThe results reveal that unsafe disposal of stools are one of the main contributing factors responsible for stunting and under-five mortality among children. The prevalence was clearly seen to be higher in households where open defecation and unsafe stool disposal were practised.
conclusionsThe central behavioural change to be brought about among the people is to improve the cleanliness levels of the neighbourhood and help children spend their childhood free from the misery of malnourishment or in the worst case, death. It is not an impossible task for a country that houses the cleanest village in Asia, Mawlynnong in the Northeast state of Meghalaya, India. If one state could do it, it could be replicated in other states too.
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