ArticleSafety and health at work2019
Sickness Presenteeism among the Self-employed and Employed in Northwestern Europe-The Importance of Time Demands.
Article in Safety and health at work, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Presenteeism and mental health of workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- A Scientometric Systematic Review of Entrepreneurial Wellbeing Knowledge Production.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Pooled it
- Occupational exposures and genetic susceptibility to occupational exposures are related to sickness absence in the Lifelines cohort study.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Occupational differences in sickness presenteeism in the baseline survey of the German National Cohort (NAKO).Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Employment Status, Work Limitations, Cognitive Dysfunction, and Sickness Absenteeism Among US Adults With and Without Long COVID.American journal of industrial medicine · 2025Article
- Reasons behind sickness presenteeism: insights from four national surveys in Latvia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Examining the health and wellness of solo self-employed workers through narratives of precarity: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Investigation of Working Conditions and Health Status in Platform Workers in the Republic of Korea.Safety and health at work · 2024Article
- The role of informal support systems during illness: A qualitative study of solo self-employed workers in Ontario, Canada.PloS one · 2024Article
- Self-employment, illness, and the social security system: a qualitative study of the experiences of solo self-employed workers in Ontario, Canada.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Sickness Presenteeism among Employees Having Workplace Conflicts-Results from Pooled Analyses in Latvia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- What Social Supports Are Available to Self-Employed People When Ill or Injured? A Comparative Policy Analysis of Canada and Australia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Reasons for presenteeism in different occupational branches in Sweden: a population based cross-sectional study.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2021Article
- Teleworking While Sick: A Three-Wave Study of Psychosocial Safety Climate, Psychological Demands, and Presenteeism.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Sickness Presenteeism in the Aftermath of COVID-19: Is Presenteeism Remote-Work Behavior the New (Ab)normal?Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Sickness Presenteeism Among the Swedish Self-Employed During the Covid-19 Pandemic.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Sickness Presence among Health Care Professionals: A Cross Sectional Study of Health Care Professionals in Slovenia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Rise of the 'Gig Economy' and it's Health Toll on Workers.Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEuropean policymakers encourage individuals to become self-employed because it is a way to promote innovation and job creation. It can be assumed that health and well-being among the self-employed and managers in small-scale enterprises are particularly crucial in this enterprise group because the smallness of the enterprise makes its members vulnerable. Earlier studies have indicated that the self-employed have a high working pace and work for long and irregular hours, indicating that it can be difficult to stay at home because of sickness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of sickness presenteeism among the self-employed in relation to the organizationally employed and to analyze whether any differences can be explained by higher work demands among the self-employed.
methodsThe study is based on the fifth European survey on working conditions (2010) and includes the northwestern European countries in the survey. The questions cover a wide range of topics designed to meet the European Union's political needs. The main variables in this study are sickness presenteeism and several indicators of time demands.
resultsThe results show that the self-employed report a higher level of sickness presenteeism than the employed: 52.4 versus 43.6%. All indicators of time demands are significantly related to the risk for sickness presenteeism, also when controlling for background characteristics.
conclusionThe results confirm that the level of sickness presenteeism is higher among the self-employed and that high time demands are a major explanation to this.
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