ArticleSchizophrenia research2020
Markers of glutamate and GABA neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia subjects: Disease effects differ across anatomical levels of resolution.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Medial Prefrontal Cortex Glutamate Is Reduced in Schizophrenia and Moderated by Measurement Quality: A Meta-analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.Biological psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Schizophrenia: from mechanism to therapy.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation: an unfortunate term to describe schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Can Sodium Oxybate Mitigate the Symptoms of Schizophrenia?Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Effects of Dietary and Probiotic Interventions in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Clinics and practice · 2025Article
- Neuronal Synaptic Communication and Mitochondrial Energetics in Human Health and Disease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Advances in the study of phencyclidine-induced schizophrenia-like animal models and the underlying neural mechanisms.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Possible mechanism of schizophrenia origin by excess GABA and synaptic pruning.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2023Article
- Localization and Diagnostic Specificity of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Transcript Alterations in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia.Biological psychiatry · 2023Article
- Atypical frontotemporal cortical activity in first-episode adolescent-onset schizophrenia during verbal fluency task: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Glutamatergic dysfunction in Schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2022Review
- Ketamine plus Alcohol: What We Know and What We Can Expect about This.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Chromatin domain alterations linked to 3D genome organization in a large cohort of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder brains.Nature neuroscience · 2022Article
- Endocannabinoid signaling regulates post-operative delirium through glutamatergic mediodorsal thalamus-prelimbic prefrontal cortical projection.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Postnatal Development of Glutamate and GABA Transcript Expression in Monkey Visual, Parietal, and Prefrontal Cortices.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2021Article
- Associations Between Cognitive Function and Levels of Glutamatergic Metabolites and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid in Antipsychotic-Naïve Patients With Schizophrenia or Psychosis.Biological psychiatry · 2021Article
- A Selective Review of the Excitatory-Inhibitory Imbalance in Schizophrenia: Underlying Biology, Genetics, Microcircuits, and Symptoms.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Prefrontal cortical alterations of glutamate and GABA neurotransmission in schizophrenia: Insights for rational biomarker development.Biomarkers in neuropsychiatry · 2020Article
- Brain NMDA Receptors in Schizophrenia and Depression.Biomolecules · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction in individuals with schizophrenia is thought to reflect, at least in part, altered levels of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Studies of the postmortem human brain allow for interrogation of the disease-related alterations in markers of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission at different levels of anatomical resolution. Here, we re-analyzed six published datasets from postmortem studies of schizophrenia to assess molecular markers of glutamate and GABA neurotransmission in the DLPFC at three levels of anatomical resolution: 1) total cortical gray matter, 2) gray matter restricted to layer 3, and 3) a layer 3 local circuit composed of excitatory pyramidal cells and inhibitory, parvalbumin-containing, GABA neurons. We formulated composite measures of glutamate and GABA neurotransmission from z-scores of key transcripts that regulate these functions. Relative to unaffected comparison subjects, the composite glutamate measure was higher in schizophrenia subjects in total gray matter homogenates but lower in samples restricted to layer 3 or the layer 3 local circuit. The composite index of GABA neurotransmission did not differ between subject groups in total gray matter homogenates but was lower in schizophrenia subjects in layer 3 and lower still in the local layer 3 circuit. These findings suggest that the balance of excitation and inhibition in the DLPFC of schizophrenia subjects differs depending on the level of anatomical resolution studied, highlighting the importance of layer- and cell type-specific studies to understand disease-related alterations in cortical circuitry.
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