ArticleBMC public health2019
A study protocol to determine the association between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour in young males in conflict with the law.
Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The influence of contemporary and emerging factors on blood lead concentrations among young males in conflict with the law: a case study from a middle-income country.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2024Article
- Potential Health Risks of Lead Exposure from Early Life through Later Life: Implications for Public Health Education.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Lead Poisoning among Male Juveniles Due to Illegal Mining: A Case Series from South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Early-life lead exposure and neurodevelopmental disorders.Current opinion in toxicology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLow-level lead exposure has harmful and persistent effects on behaviour. Recent studies have linked environmental lead exposure and the development of aggressive, violent and criminal behaviour. This protocol is designed to study an association between lifetime (bone) lead levels and violent criminal behaviour among young males in conflict with the law in Gauteng youth development centres.
methodsThis paper describes a study to determine a link between lifetime lead exposure and violent criminal behaviour. Lifetime lead exposure will be measured using bone lead measurement, while blood lead levels will be observed for current exposure. Thereafter, criminal records of participants will be reviewed whereas violent behaviour and risk factors will be observed using a questionnaire. The study focused on young males in conflict with the law in three centres within Gauteng Provence, South Africa. After stratifying the centres, we randomly selected participants. The researcher shall adhere to ethical requirements throughout the study. Data will be analysed for descriptive and inferential analysis using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). DISCUSSION: The study will provide a strong foundation for an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental contamination from lead exposure and aggression/violent criminal behaviour. Beyond the health sector, the study findings may be able to inform new approaches to crime prevention through environmental action with an emphasis on the role of non-health sectors.
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Registered trials
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