ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2020
Everyday Discrimination Typologies Among Older African Americans: Gender and Socioeconomic Status.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Working Through It: Lifetime Experiences of Employment Discrimination Among Older Black Americans and Implications for Labor Force Participation, Job Dissatisfaction, and Mental Health in Older Adulthood.Journal of aging and health · 2026Article
- The Program for Research on Black Americans' Contributions to Sociology: A Review of the Literature.Sociological focus · 2026Article
- Discrimination and dendritic cell abundance among older adults in the health and retirement study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Racial Discrimination, Religious Coping, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among African American Women and Men.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Resilience Amidst Adversity: Experiences of Black Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Characteristics of discrimination and ambulatory cognitive performance among older Black and White adults.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Trends in sleep duration in the U.S. from 2004 to 2018: A decomposition analysis.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Attribution for everyday discrimination typologies and mortality risk among older black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study?Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Perceptions About Discrimination in a Rural, Older, Racially and Ethnically Diverse Cohort.Online journal of rural nursing and health care : the official journal of the Rural Nurse Organization · 2022Article
- Discrimination and Hypertension Among Older African Americans and Caribbean Blacks: The Moderating Effects of John Henryism.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Vicarious Experiences of Major Discrimination and Psychological Distress among Black Men and Women.Society and mental health · 2022Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Major and Everyday Discrimination Among Older Adults: African Americans, Black Caribbeans, and Non-Latino Whites.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Stress Exposure and Physical Health among Older African American and Caribbean Black Women.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Early Life Racial Discrimination, Racial Centrality, and Allostatic Load Among African American Older Adults.The Gerontologist · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Temporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Duration Among US Adults, 2004-2018.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Multiple Reasons for Perceived Everyday Discrimination and All-Cause Mortality Risk Among Older Black Adults.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Article
- Perceived Discrimination, Nativity, and Cognitive Performance in a Multiethnic Study of Older Adults: Findings From the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Article
- The Intersecting Consequences of Race-Gender Health Disparities on Workforce Engagement for Older Workers: An Examination of Physical and Mental Health.Social currents · 2022Article
- Exploring the Consequences of Major Lifetime Discrimination, Neighborhood Conditions, Chronic Work, and Everyday Discrimination on Health and Retirement.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDiscrimination is associated with several negative social, economic, and health consequences. Past research focuses on the impact of discrimination while less is known about both the type and correlates of discrimination, particularly among older adults.
methodsUsing the National Survey of American Life, we used latent class analysis to identify discrimination typologies (frequency and type) among African Americans aged 55 and older. We then used multinomial logistic regression to identify demographic correlates of discrimination types, including a statistical interaction between gender and educational attainment.
resultsWe identified three discrimination typologies. Increasing age was associated with lower probability of belonging to the high discrimination and disrespect and condescension subtypes. Men and non-Southern residents were most likely to belong in the high discrimination subtype. Higher levels of education increased the probability of belonging in the high discrimination and disrespect and condescension subtypes for older men, but not women. DISCUSSION: Older African American men, particularly those with more education, are vulnerable to both high-frequency discrimination and discrimination characterized by disrespect and condescension. This finding suggests that, for men with more years of education, increased exposure to discrimination reflects efforts to maintain social hierarchies (male target hypothesis).
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