ArticleHealth literacy research and practice2019
Health Literacy and Income Mediate Racial/Ethnic Asthma Disparities.
Article in Health literacy research and practice, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Socioeconomic status associates with worse asthma morbidity among Black and Latinx adults.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Trial
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Health Literacy, Perception of Health Status, and Access to Healthcare Among Heart Transplant Patients of the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Disparities in quality of life and health literacy among patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy: the influence of racial and ethnic factors in the All of Us Research Program.Journal of neurosurgery. Spine · 2026Article
- Racial and Socioeconomic Differences in Real-World Use of Biologic Therapy for Asthma.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Article
- Association between income, employment status, and asthma outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Article
- Racial Composition of Past and Current Social Environments and Health Literacy.Health literacy research and practice · 2024Article
- Health literacy and asthma: An update.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Lower socioeconomic status may help explain racial disparities in asthma and atopic dermatitis prevalence: A mediation analysis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Experience in Accessing Healthcare in Ethnic Minority Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Experiences of pain and pain management in advanced disease and serious illness for people from South Asian communities in Leeds and Bradford: a qualitative interview study.BMC palliative care · 2023Article
- Asthma and the social determinants of health.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2022Review
- Social Determinants, Health Literacy, and Disparities: Intersections and Controversies.Health literacy research and practice · 2021Review
- Health literacy levels and its determinants among people with asthma in Malaysian primary healthcare settings: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2021Article
- The Intersections Between Social Determinants of Health, Health Literacy, and Health Disparities.Studies in health technology and informatics · 2020Article
- Health Literacy, Equity, and Communication in the COVID-19 Era of Misinformation: Emergence of Health Information Professionals in Infodemic Management.JMIR infodemiologyArticle
- Socioeconomic status is associated with healthcare seeking behaviour and disease burden in young adults with asthma - A nationwide cohort study.Chronic respiratory diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHealth literacy and socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with both race/ethnicity and asthma outcomes. The extent to which health literacy and SES mediate racial/ethnic asthma disparities is less clear.
objectiveTo determine if health literacy and SES mediate racial/ethnic asthma disparities using advanced mediation analyses.
methodsA secondary analysis was performed using a Chicago-based longitudinal cohort study conducted from 2004 to 2007 involving 342 adults age 18 to 41 years with persistent asthma. Phone interviews were conducted every 3 months assessing asthma quality of life (AQOL; scored 1-7, with 7 being the highest) and asthma-related health care use measures. Structural equation models assessed mediation of race/ethnicity effects on AQOL and health care use through health literacy and SES. Covariates in the best-fit model included sex, year and season of interview, and cigarette smoking. KEY
resultsThe study sample was 77.8% female, 57.3% African American/non-Hispanic, and 28.7% Hispanic. Race/ethnicity was significantly associated with AQOL and asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits, but only indirectly, through the effects of health literacy and income. Compared with White/non-Hispanics, African American/non-Hispanics and Hispanics had significantly higher odds of low health literacy and lower income. Low health literacy was associated with significantly lower AQOL scores (β = -0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.38, -0.10]) and higher odds of an ED visit (adjusted odds ratio = 1.24, 95% CI [1.07, 1.43]). Increasing income was associated with significantly higher AQOL scores (β = 0.18, 95% CI [0.08, 0.28]) and lower odds of an ED visit (adjusted odds ratio = 0.88, 95% CI [0.80, 0.97]).
conclusionsThe relationships between race/ethnicity and several asthma outcomes were mediated by health literacy and income. Interventions to improve racial/ethnic asthma disparities should target health literacy and income barriers. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Using advanced statistical methods, this study suggests racial/ethnic differences in several asthma outcomes are largely due to effects of health literacy and income. Interventions to improve racial/ethnic asthma disparities should target health literacy and income barriers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.