ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2019
Sex Differences in Brain Injury and Repair in Newborn Infants: Clinical Evidence and Biological Mechanisms.
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Born at higher risk: persistent male excess risk of cerebral palsy from extreme prematurity to term: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Biology of sex differences · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evaluation of heterogeneity in effect of therapeutic hypothermia by sex among infants with neonatal encephalopathy.Pediatric research · 2023Trial
- Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modelling of Allopurinol, its Active Metabolite Oxypurinol, and Biomarkers Hypoxanthine, Xanthine and Uric Acid in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Neonates.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Trial
- Optimizing therapeutic hypothermia conditions in a translational preclinical model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- N-Acetylcysteine protects the developing brain in neonatal sepsis-like inflammation via a redox-neurovascular pathway.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- TrkB Agonist Treatment Decreases Hippocampal Testosterone Contents in a Sex-Dependent Manner Following Neonatal Hypoxia and Ischemia.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Endocrine Regulation of Osteoporosis: Insights from the Brain-Bone Axis Theory.Journal of bone metabolism · 2025Article
- Protective versus Risk Factors for 18-month Outcomes in a multi-decade sample of preterm infants age 23-30 weeks.Medical research archives · 2025Article
- Sex dimorphism in brain cell death after hypoxia-ischemia in newborn piglets.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Single-Cell Analysis of Sex and Gender Differences in the Human Brain During Development and Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Structural and Functional Effects of C5aR1 Antagonism in a Rat Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.Developmental neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sex differences in delivery and neonatal characteristics of new-borns from the "MAMI-MED" cohort.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Sex-Specific Differences in the Relationship Between Prematurity and Ocular Geometry.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Progression of Secondary Brain Injury Following Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage.Translational stroke research · 2024Review
- Review
- Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate Benefits Female Preterm Infants but Results in Poor Male Outcomes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- URB447 Is Neuroprotective in Both Male and Female Rats after Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia and Enhances Neurogenesis in Females.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- TrkB-mediated sustained neuroprotection is sex-specific and Erα-dependent in adult mice following neonatal hypoxia ischemia.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetics of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone in neonatal mice with hypoxia-ischemia related brain injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Differences in the development of the male and female brain are an evolving area of investigation. We are beginning to understand the underpinnings of male and female advantages due to differences in brain development as well as the consequences following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn. The two main factors that appear to affect outcomes are gestation age at the time of injury and sex of the subject. This review starts with a summary of differences in the anatomy and physiology of the developing male and female brain. This is followed by a review of the major factors responsible for the observed differences in the face of normal development and hypoxic injury. The last section reviews the response of male and female subjects to various neuroprotective strategies that are currently being used and where there is a need for additional information for more precise therapy based on the sex of the infant.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.