ReviewJournal of clinical and translational hepatology2019
Hepatitis B Vaccine and Immunoglobulin: Key Concepts.
Review in Journal of clinical and translational hepatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccination and rheumatoid arthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of data from 25,949,597 participants.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Vaccination and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Association between IL28B Polymorphisms and Outcomes of Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A meta-analysis.BMC medical genetics · 2020Pooled it
- Self-reported hepatitis B vaccination uptake and associated factors among adults in a tertiary hospital, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- A Review of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Co-Infection in Botswana.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- A Prospective Cohort Study of Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients: Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and the Role of Innate Immunity.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Promising Vaccine Formulations for Emerging Infectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immune response and associated factors to Hepatitis B vaccination among children under five attending care at mulago hospital.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B virus infection among children aged 1- 5 years of Mayurbhanj district (Odisha), India: A prospective study protocol.PloS one · 2025Article
- Occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens among health workers at a tertiary hospital in China during 2016-2022: multi-round evaluation of comprehensive intervention.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries (NSSIs) Amongst Orthopaedic Surgeons in Clinical Practice: A Pan-India Cross-Sectional Study.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2024Article
- The Impact of Smoking on Long-Term Protection Following Hepatitis B Vaccination: A 24-Year Cohort Study.Viruses · 2024Article
- Pharmacovigilance in Vaccines: Importance, Main Aspects, Perspectives, and Challenges-A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Investigation the longevity of hepatitis B surface antibody in vaccinated students of Hormozgan university of medical sciences.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2023Article
- Trends in disease burden of hepatitis B infection in Jiangsu Province, China, 1990-2021.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2023Article
- Development of Chimeric Hepatitis B (HBV) - Norovirus (NoV) P particle as candidate vaccine against Hepatitis B and norovirus infection.Vaccine: X · 2023Article
- Liver Cell Type-Specific Targeting by Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Effectiveness of oral levamisole as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccination in healthcare workers non-responsive to previous vaccination: A randomized controlled trial.New microbes and new infections · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunization is safe and has been accepted worldwide as a routine practice. The target of such vaccination is to induce the immune response in the host, resulting in the prevention of replication of HBV. There are several immunological and clinical factors which determine the clinical efficacy and safety of the HBV vaccine. In this article we have highlighted the response of the host immune system to HBV vaccination (immunogenicity), efficacy, and safety of the vaccine, issues with booster dosing, paths of development (preclinical and clinical) of the HBV vaccine, novel and upcoming strategies for improvement of HBV vaccination, and the concept of therapeutic HBV vaccination. The different aspects and regulatory recommendations pertaining to HBV vaccine development are also discussed. The new strategies for improvement of HBV vaccination include pre-S1 and pre-S2 portions of the HBV surface antigen, increasing the antigen dose, accelerated vaccination schedules, alternative vaccination route, use of adjuvants like immunostimulatory DNA sequences, etc. Therapeutic vaccination is being explored for initiation of a multifunctional and multispecific T cell response against the major HBV antigens and also effective activation of humoral immunity for viral control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.