ArticleWorld journal of hepatology2019
Proton pump inhibitors increase the severity of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients.
Article in World journal of hepatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-absorbable antibiotics worsen alcohol-associated liver disease in gastric acid-suppressed mice.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Microbial Approaches to Treat and Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients with Cirrhosis: Pharmacokinetics, Benefits and Drawbacks.Current gastroenterology reports · 2024Review
- Article
- Gastro‑oesophageal reflux disease in liver cirrhosis: Possible pathogenesis and clinical intervention (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Review
- Intestinal virome: An important research direction for alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Hydrogen-producing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is associated with hepatic encephalopathy and liver function.PloS one · 2022Observational
- Intestinal Permeability Is a Mechanical Rheostat in the Pathogenesis of Liver Cirrhosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Contribution of the Intestinal Microbiome and Gut Barrier to Hepatic Disorders.Gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Exploratory Research on the Relationship between Human Gut Microbiota and Portal Hypertension.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2020Article
- Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors-Evidence and Plausibility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Use of proton pump inhibitors is associated with a higher risk of pneumonia in cirrhotic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of gastroenterologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLiver cirrhosis is the late stage of hepatic fibrosis and is characterized by portal hypertension that can clinically lead to decompensation in the form of ascites, esophageal/gastric varices or encephalopathy. The most common sequelae associated with liver cirrhosis are neurologic and neuropsychiatric impairments labeled as hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Well established triggers for HE include infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, constipation, and medications. Alterations to the gut microbiome is one of the leading ammonia producers in the body, and therefore may make patients more susceptible to HE.
aimTo investigate the relationship between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and HE in patients with cirrhosis.
methodsThis is a single center, retrospective analysis. Patients were included in the study with an admitting diagnosis of HE. The degree of HE was determined from subjective and objective portions of hospital admission notes using the West Haven Criteria. The primary outcome of the study was to evaluate the grade of HE in PPI users
resultsThe HE grade at admission using the West Haven Criteria was 2.3 in the PPI group compared to 1.7 in the PPI nonuser group (
conclusionChronic PPI use in cirrhotic patients is associated with significantly higher average West Haven Criteria for HE compared to patients that do not use PPIs.
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