ArticleIntelligence
Individual differences in cognitive processes underlying Trail Making Test-B performance in old age: The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.
Article in Intelligence. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of the use of subcortical intraoperative electrical stimulation mapping for monitoring of executive deficits and neglect: what is the evidence so far?Acta neurochirurgica · 2022Pooled it
- On the utility of the trail making test in migraine with and without aura: a meta-analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation with cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older adults: a secondary analysis from the ACT trial.GeroScience · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Neuroimaging Correlates of the NIH Toolbox Cognition and Trail Making Tests: Normative Benchmarks in Healthy Aging.Clinical and translational neuroscience · 2026Article
- When mild impairment is not safe: mini-mental state examination scores of ≤21 are associated with emergency response failure.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Exploring cortical excitability modulation to promote cognitive resilience in aging: an rTMS study protocol.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Pitfalls in using ML to predict cognitive function performance.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Physical capacity is associated with attention but not with general executive function in middle aged adults.PloS one · 2025Article
- Cognitive outcomes after tadalafil treatment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease: ETLAS-2 sub-study.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2025Article
- Characterizing genetic pathways unique to autism spectrum disorder at multiple levels of biological analysis.Molecular autism · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of the effects of the computer-based and paper-based trail making tests on oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex.BMC neuroscience · 2024Article
- Characterizing Genetic Pathways Unique to Autism Spectrum Disorder at Multiple Levels of Biological Analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults.Journal of aging research · 2024Article
- Evaluating the impact of a darts game intervention on cognitive function in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment: a pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2024Article
- Anticholinergic burden in middle and older age is associated with lower cognitive function, but not with brain atrophy.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Tools for the Assessment of Risk-Taking Behavior in Older Adults with Mild Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Longitudinal resting-state functional connectivity and regional brain atrophy-based biomarkers of preclinical cognitive impairment in healthy old adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- The Effects of Bimanual Coordination in Music Interventions on Executive Functions in Aging Adults.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2019Article
- Brain Peak Width of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity (PSMD) and Cognitive Function in Later Life.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) is commonly used as a brief and simple neuropsychological assessment of executive dysfunction. The TMT-B is thought to rely on a number of distinct cognitive processes that predict individual differences in performance. The current study examined the unique and shared contributions of latent component variables in a large cohort of older people. Five hundred and eighty-seven healthy, community-dwelling older adults who were all born in 1936 were assessed on the TMT-B and multiple tasks tapping cognitive domains of visuospatial ability, processing speed, memory and reading ability. Firstly, a first-order measurement model examining independent contributions of the four cognitive domains was fitted; a significant relationship between TMT-B completion times and processing speed was found (β = -0.610, p < .001). Secondly, a bifactor model examined the unique influence of each cognitive ability when controlling for a general cognitive factor. Importantly, both a general cognitive factor (
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.